Framework for the Specification and Standardization of Data Elements Part1 of ISO/IEC by Daniel W. Gillman, editor

ISO/IEC Parts Parts are IS Parts 1 & 2 are CD

Parts of ISO/IEC Part1: Framework Part2: Classification Part 3: Basic Attributes Part 4: Formulation of Definitions Part 5: Naming and Identification Part 6: Registration

Organization of Framework Document Definitions Fundamental Concepts Other parts Informative Annexes

Purpose Basic Information about Data Facilitates –Understanding –Sharing –Maintenance –Access –Manipulation –Processing

Definition: Data Element A unit of data for which the definition, identification, representation, and permissible values are specified by means of a set of attributes.

Data Element Identifier Definition Name Value Domain Etc. Data Element Identifier Definition Name Value Domain Etc. Data Element Identifier Definition Name Value Domain Etc. Database, File, Etc. Record, Segment, Class, Tuple, Etc. Field, Column, Etc. Character, Image, Sound, Etc. Database, File, Etc. Transaction, Exchange Unit, Etc.

Fundamental Model Taken From Data Modeling 3 Components –object class –property –representation

Definition: Object Class Things for which to Store Data Entities in E-R Models Classes in O-O Models Employers, Persons, Automobiles, Orders, etc.

Definition: Property A peculiarity common to all members of an object class. Distinguishes or Describes Objects Attributes or Data Members in Models SIC Code, Age, VIN, Date, etc.

Important Distinctions Object Class  Name Property  Name English vs. Chinese Complex Object Classes –Women Between 15 and 45 Who Had  One Live Birth in last 12 Months

Definition: Representation The combination of a value domain, datatype, and, if necessary, a unit of measure or a character set.

Definition: Value Domain A set of permissible values. Enumerated –Census State Codes Non-Enumerated –All Real Numbers Between 0 & 1 List of SIC Codes, Integer , 17 Char Alpha-Num, YYYYMMDD

Value Domains Re-Use of Domains –SIC, NAICS, SOC Codes –Geographic Codes –Chemical Names –Biological Classification

Data Element Concept Object Class + Property Example: Annual Household Income Many Possible Representations –Non-Negative Integers –Categories 1 = 0$ = $15001$ = $30001$ = $60001+

DATA ELEMENT CONCEPTDATA ELEMENT Property Representation (1:1) (1:N) Object Class (1:N) Object Class (1:N) Object Class

Value Domain Data Element Data Element Concept