Maps and Images for McKay 8e A History of Western Society Cover Slide Maps and Images for McKay 8e A History of Western Society Chapter 24 Life in the Emerging Urban Society Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

"Doss House" "Doss House" Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky (Russian, 1846-1920) belonged to the powerful Association for Traveling Art Exhibits, whose members, called Peredvizhniks, took a socially critical stance in their paintings toward the plight of many of their fellow Russians. His painting The Doss House, 1889, depicts a street in St. Petersburg, where empty-handed people await shelter for the night. (The State Russian Museum/Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibit) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

"Life is Everywhere," Russia The simple but profound joys of everyday life infuse this outstanding example of Russia's powerful realist tradition. Painted in 1888 by N. A. Yaroshenko, this representation of the mother and child and adoring men also draws on the classic theme of the infant Jesus and the holy family. (Sovfoto) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Apartment living in Paris This drawing shows how different social classes lived close together in European cities about 1850. Passing the middle-class family on the first floor of this Paris apartment, the economic condition of the tenants declined until one reached abject poverty in the garret. (Bibliotheque nationale de France) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Court for King Cholera Court for King Cholera This 1852 drawing from Punch tells volumes about the unhealthy living conditions of the urban poor in London. In the foreground, children play with a dead rat and a woman scavenges a dungheap. Cheap rooming houses provide shelter for the frightfully overcrowded population. (British Library) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Dore engraving of London This engraving by the French artist Gustave Dore (1832-83, the most popular and successful French book illustrator of the mid-nineteenth century) depicts the overcrowded and unsanitary conditions in industrial London in the nineteenth century. Because municipal authorities were unable to cope with the rapid pace of urbanization, the working class was forced to live in dwellings such as these row houses, which did not have adequate sanitation or recreational facilities. (Courtesy, Dover Publications) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Nast satirizing Darwin's ideas Charles Darwin (1809-1882) was the most influential of all nineteenth-century evolutionary thinkers. The heated controversies over his theory of evolution spawned innumerable jokes and cartoons. This cartoon, by Darwin's contemporary Thomas Nast, depicts Darwin with the president of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Paris lit up by electricity The electric light bulb was invented in the United States and Britain, but Paris made such extensive use of the new technology that it was nicknamed the "City of Lights." To mark the Paris Exposition of 1900, the Eiffel Tower and all the surrounding buildings were illuminated with strings of light bulbs while powerful spotlights swept the sky. (Civica Raccolta delle Stampe Achille Bertarelli, Milanoi) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Perry, A Bill-poster's Fantasy This illustration by John Perry, entitled A Bill-poster's Fantasy (1855), explores the endless diversity of big-city entertainment. (Dunhill Museum & Archive, 48 Germyn Street, St. James's, London) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

School for servants School for servants Although domestic service was poorly paid, there was always plenty of competition for the available jobs. As this photo shows, schools sprang up to teach young women the manners and the household skills that employers in the "servant-keeping classes" demanded. (Greater London Council Photograph Library) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Urban growth, Vienna Urban growth, Vienna This 1873 chromolithograph by G. Veith gives a panoramic view of the Ringstrasse, a broad and handsome boulevard that had replaced the old ramparts of Vienna after they were pulled down in 1857. Within the Ring--which was lined with public buildings--lay the old city, clustered round the cathedral  of St. Stephen. (Museen der Stadt, Vienna) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Urban landscape, Madrid This wistful painting of a square in Madrid on a rainy day, by Enrique Martinez Cubella y Ruiz (1874-1917), includes a revealing commentary on public transportation. Coachmen wait atop their expensive hackney cabs for a wealthy clientele, while modern electric streetcars that carry the masses converge on the square from all directions. (Museo Municipal, Madrid/The Bridgeman Art Library International) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Working class home Working class home This charming engraving Sunday Morning, Workman's Home, Leather Lane depicts a new emphasis on emotional ties within ordinary working-class homes in 1875. Parents gave their children more love and better care. (Illustrated London News Library) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Cities Reaching Population Level of 100,000 by 1750, 1800, and 1850 Map: Cities Reaching Population Level of 100,000 by 1750, 1800, and 1850 Cities Reaching Population Level of 100,000 by 1750, 1800, and 1850 In 1750 the largest cities owed their existence to factors other than industry, but thereafter the development of industry often determined the growth of cities. England, the leading industrial nation, contained many of the largest cities. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Map: The Modernization of Paris, ca. 1850-1870 Broad boulevards, large parks, and grandiose train stations transformed Paris. The cutting of the new north-south axis--known as the Boulevard Saint-Michel--was one of Haussmann's most controversial projects. It razed much of Paris's medieval core and filled the Ile de la Cite with massive government buildings. (Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.) Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.