THE SUBJUNCTIVE

What is the subjunctive? It is uncertain ??? - It’s used to express uncertainty No creo que sepas. (I don’t think you know.)

Indicative vs. Subjunctive The indicative expresses a plain statement of fact. The subjunctive is used after verbs and expressions that involve uncertainty. Haces ejercicio. Es necesario que hagas ejercicio. You exercise. It’s necessary that you exercise.

Indicative vs. Subjunctive In the previous example: Es necesario que hagas ejercicio. Someone needs to exercise, but will they? Because we don’t know, (it is uncertain) we use the subjunctive. So, how do we form the subjunctive?

Forming the subjunctive Remember how to make usted commands? Take the yo formcorrerYo corro Change ending: Ar: e Er/ir: a corrocorra What does this have to do with the subjunctive?

Forming the subjunctive The subjunctive is formed the same way: Take the yo formcorrerYo corro Change ending: Ar: e + Er/ir: a + corrocorra ? Indicativesubjunctive Why is there a + after e or a?

Forming the subjunctive + = more letters. Yo coma Are these letters in red the same as those in our conjugation chart? watch Tú comas Ella coma Nosotros comamos Vosotros comáis Ellos coman

Forming the subjunctive Yes they are.Remember: 1-Begin w/yo form 2-switch ending: ar-> e+ er/ir->a+ 3- add letters from chart (if necessary) Need something simpler?

Forming the subjunctive If the rules I mentioned before are too confusing, you can try memorizing the endings (like we did with the present tense) -ar -> e+ Yo CanteNosotros cantemos Tú cantesVosotros cantáis Ella canteEllos canten

Forming the subjunctive –er and –ir verbs share the same endings -er -> a+ Yo coma Tú comas Ella coma Nosotros comamos Vosotros comáis Ellos coman -ir -> a+ Yo viva Tú vivas Ella viva Nosotros vivamos Vosotros viváis Ellos vivan