© David Last AVCIS-IATTI Annual Conference Loughborough University 24 September 2014 GPS Tracking Evidence - Handle with Care! Professor David Last Picture:

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© David Last AVCIS-IATTI Annual Conference Loughborough University 24 September 2014 GPS Tracking Evidence - Handle with Care! Professor David Last Picture: earthobservatory.nasa. gov//ewsroom/BlueMarble/

© David Last Pictures: GPS The Global Positioning System

© David Last TomTom Car Navigator GPS receiver + Computer Picture:

© David Last List of addresses extracted from TomTom car navigator

© David Last Plot of addresses extracted from TomTom car navigator

© David Last Picture:

© David Last Picture: Audi Bedienungsanleitung englisch

© David Last Quality of evidence from satellite navigators At its worst … Nevertheless… List of addresses, but … No identity, no times or dates No route, no evidence of visit No specific vehicle Powerful leads Linked to other evidence

© David Last Quality of evidence from satellite navigators At its best … Name and home address Addresses in order, favourites Language and preferences Telephone numbers and calls and possibly …. Multiple timed and dated tracks

© David Last

experts-making-the-most-of-gps-evidence/

© David Last

GPS Tracking Evidence comes from: Law enforcement covert operations Employers Commercial tracking companies Motor insurance companies Criminals Pictures:

© David Last How accurate is it, then? Pictures: dreamtimes “95% of GPS position measurements will lie within 5 metres of the true position”

© David Last GPS Tracking System on Vehicle

© David Last GPS Tracker using Text Messaging Pictures: GPS Data Logger

© David Last

GPS Tracking Record

© David Last GPS Tracking Record Raw data: Data received:

© David Last GPS Tracking Record Raw data: Data received:

© David Last GPS Tracking Record Raw data: Data received:

© David Last GPS Tracking Record Raw data: Latitude N Longitude W Data received: Latitude N Longitude W

© David Last GPS Tracking Record Raw data: Latitude N Longitude W [World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) datum]

© David Last

© David Last AVCIS-IATTI Annual Conference Loughborough University 24 September 2014 GPS Tracking Evidence - Handle with Care! Professor David Last Picture: earthobservatory.nasa. gov//ewsroom/BlueMarble/