Chapter 24 Industrialization and Imperialism: Making of the European Global Order

Land empires in Asia  Java- core of Dutch empire- interventions in Javanese regional wars  India- interventions in local disputes (sepoys) ** Britain vs. France in global conflicts-most are British victories (except Rev. War) Foundation-Battle of Plassey-1757

Patterns  Tropical dependencies: few Europeans rule many non-western  Settlement colonies: larger numbers of Europeans rule smaller or equal numbers of natives White dominionsWhite dominions Contested settler coloniesContested settler colonies

Consolidation of British rule  Regional conflicts  Indian princes not unified  Thought British would just go away?

India as center of empire  Large population  Indian soldiers: sent everywhere  Ports: essential to British trade  Outlet: investments/manufac. Goods  Source: raw materials

Early Colonial Society  Left social systems alone-formed new class at the top-native aristocrats left in charge of daily administration  Europeans had to adapt to culture and climate  Race/gender relations

Social Reform  British enforced caste system  Little Christian conversion  Corruption leads to changes  Cornwallis  Evangelical revival/utilitarians  Major British cultural influence

Partitions of the world  Africa  Southeast Asia “GUNS VS. SPEARS”

Patterns  Tropical dependencies India, Java, etc.India, Java, etc.  Settlement colonies White dominionsWhite dominions  Canada/Australia Contested settler colonies-Contested settler colonies-  South Africa  New Zealand  Hawaii

Colonial regimes  Administration  Education  Social relations-growing tensions Class, gender, raceClass, gender, race

Economics  Raw materials  EXPORT, EXPORT, EXPORT!!!!!  Poorly paid labor  Profits to mother countries

South Africa  Dutch (Boers) Enslaved native populationEnslaved native population Later-racial mixing “coloreds”Later-racial mixing “coloreds”  British  “Great Trek” – leads to clash w/ Bantus  Boer War ( )

Pacific  New Zealand (Maoris) Timber merchants/whalersTimber merchants/whalers British farmers/herdersBritish farmers/herders weapons/disease/land conflictsweapons/disease/land conflicts Learned to use Western laws, etc. to preserve and defend their cultureLearned to use Western laws, etc. to preserve and defend their culture Multi-racial society todayMulti-racial society today

Pacific (cont.)  Hawaii Captain CookCaptain Cook King Kamehameha unified (w/British help)King Kamehameha unified (w/British help) Missionary effortMissionary effort Disease and economic exploitationDisease and economic exploitation U.S. annexation in 1898U.S. annexation in 1898