1 As Clinical Anatomy RADIOLOGY. COURSE GOALS  Understand basics of image generation.  Relate imaging to gross anatomy.  See clinical relationship.

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Presentation transcript:

1 As Clinical Anatomy RADIOLOGY

COURSE GOALS  Understand basics of image generation.  Relate imaging to gross anatomy.  See clinical relationship to basic science.  Appreciate constraints and limitations.  Develop imaging vocabulary.

RADIOLOGIST ROLE  Separate: Normal from Abnormal  Characterize / Describe: Abnormality  Determine: Extent (stage) of disease  Suggest: Diagnosis / Differential  Recommend: Further exams / follow-up 4

PROJECTION -VS- TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGE 6

7 FOOT AP PROJECTION (ANTERIOR - POSTERIOR) RT

8 LATERAL FOOT

9 TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES ARE IN A SPECIFIC PLANE SAGITTALAXIALCORONAL RT

10 CT- HEAD CT REFERENCE FILM Skull / brain RTRT

RADIOLOGY TOOLS 11 X- RAY ULTRASOUND NUCLEAR MEDICINE MAGNETIC RESONANCE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

HOW IS IMAGING DONE?  IONIZING RADIATION X-ray, CT, Nuclear Medicine  SOUND WAVES Ultrasound  MAGNETIC FIELDS / RADIO WAVES Magnetic Resonance 12

X- RAY  High Energy Photon --Kilo Electron Volts  Ionizing Radiation  Exposes Film / Detector  Projection Data 13

X-RAYS PLAIN FILM RADIOGRAPHY  Chest  Mammography  Abdomen  Spine  Extremities & Joints  Skull 14

15  Air  Soft Tissue  Fat  Bone X - RAY --- FOUR BASIC DENSITIES

CONTRAST RADIOGRAPHY  Injection, ingestion, or other placement of opaque material within the body.  Improves visualization and tissue separation.  Can demonstrate functional anatomy and pathology. 16

17 UPPER GI --(GASTRO INTESTINAL ) BARIUM ENEMA RECTAL BARIUM CONTRAST WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film STOMACH COLON ORAL BARIUM CONTRAST

18 INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAM – IVP INTRAVENOUS IODINE CONTRAST ARTERIOGRAM INTRAARTERIAL IODINE CONTRAST WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY  HIGH ENERGY PHOTON  IONIZING RADIATION  EXPOSES DETECTOR  TOMOGRAPHIC DATA 19

SCAN LEVEL CT EXAMPLE RT

NUCLEAR MEDICINE  High Energy Photon  Ionizing Radiation --Radiopharmaceutical  Exposes Detector  Projection Data  Dynamic / Physiologic 21

NUCLEAR MEDICINE EXAMPLES  Hepatobiliary 22  Ren al  Bone

ULTRASOUND  Sound Wave - high Frequency  No Ionizing Radiation  Transmitter / Receiver  Tomographic Data 23

ULTRASOUND EXAMPLES Gallbladder Kidney Obstetrics 24

 Hydrogen Protons In a Magnetic Field  Radio Wave Signal Transmission  No Ionizing Radiation  Tomographic Data 25 MAGNETIC RESONANCE

MAGNETIC RESONANCE EXAMPLES  Brain 26  Spine  Knee RTRT

 Multiple Choice - Identify  Labeled Images From Digital Film Sets And Lecture Images 27 RADIOLOGY EVALUATION

28 X- Ray Plain Film Scout Film Radiograph Computed Tomography Cat Scan CT Nuclear Medicine Nuc Med Ultrasound Sono Sonogram Magnetic Resonance MR MRI You will hear and see these abbreviations used frequently in the medical community.

SUMMARY  TOMOGRAPHY- VS- PROJECTION IMAGES  SECTION PLANES AXIAL CORONAL SAGITTAL  IMAGE GENERATION OF: Nuclear Medicine Computed Tomography Ultrasound X-ray Magnetic Resonance 29