Chapter 19 Revolutions in Politics - the French Revolution.

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Chapter 19 Revolutions in Politics - the French Revolution

Images of France The Royal Flag - fleur-de-lys The republican flag Le Tricouleur Bastille Day - July 14 logo and motto of modern day French Republic "Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood"

Marianne

French Rev - Phase 1 ( ) The beginning of the breakdown of France's Ancien Régime Louis XV (r ) attempts to raise taxes to finance War of Austrian Succession and Seven Years' War Blocked by parlements, high courts comprised of noble judges

Financial Crisis Louis XVI (r ) inherits a kingdom in financial ruin 50% of France's annual budget servicing war debt France's uses outdated medieval banking and financial models - no paper currency and mercantilist Blocked by parlements, high courts comprised of noble judges

The Last King of France Louis XVI was known as shy and inexperienced, unable to stand up to rising opposition and duties Married Austrian Princess Marie Antoinette, daughter of Maria Theresa Intended to cement a permanent alliance between Hapsburg and Bourbon monarchies

The Estates General Legislative body of pre- revolutionary France Composed of 3 "estates" or representatives of french society 1st estate - clergy (1%) 2nd estate - nobility (2%) 3rd estate - everybody else (98%) Each estate granted 1 vote in matters of state Land ownership in France

The first meeting of the estates general July under heavy pressure king Louis calls first meeting of estates general in over 300 years May first meeting in Versailles of over 1200 delegates leads to disagreement over voting 1st and 2nd estate did not want to give up ancient privileges that exempted taxation Fundamentally, the three estates agreed France needed change

abbé Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès Publish pamphlet called "what is the 3rd Estate" Becomes the manifesto of French Revolution Accuses nobility of abusing privileges as small minority Champions the working majority, 3rd estate, as true France

The National Assembly Because of disagreements re: voting and representation, 3rd estate takes decisive action alone June 20, renames itself National Assembly during the famous tennis court oath Vowed to work toward giving France a constitution and recognized itself as the true representatives of France

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