PAKISTAN SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT PROJECT National Conference December 18-19, 2015 Paving the Way for Sustainable Transport in Pakistan by Shahid Lutfi Environmental Engineer

Why Sustainable Transportation? Fleet management Traffic management

Why Sustainable Transportation? Health implications Resource conservations Infrastructure

Why Sustainable Transportation? Solid waste Air emissions Service to community Traffic jam, mismanagement, loss of resource, loss of revenue, time loss, anxiety, fatigue, attitude change, tolerance,

Contribution of Transport Sector Pakistan is highly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change Contribution to the total global GHG emissions is little (about 0.8%) Energy Sector -> Transport 21% Transport sector is also responsible for more than half of the oil consumed in Pakistan. Thus managing emissions in this sector remains crucial for tackling climate change. Within the transport sector, road transport is dominant as it is responsible for carrying 91% of the national passenger traffic and 96% of the freight movement. Vehicles have grown with population and the economy. 4 million in 2000; 9.8 million by 2010

Key issues and principles in Sustainable Transportation Planning Access, not mobility Moving people, not cars Keep space for walking and pedaled vehicles Review subsidizing, taxation policy Health and safety – enhance quality of life Integrated planning (mainstreaming SD) responding to climate change sustainable development infrastructure planning, development and maintenance fleet management

Policy Linkages National Environmental Policy, 2005 Efficient management of environmental resources Integration of environmental considerations into policy making and planning processes Establish and enforce standards for control of emissions and noise; regulate vehicular emissions Make standards for vehicles manufacturing; catalytic converter usage Phase out two-stroke Promote non-motorized means of travel (cycling, walking) Encourage cost effective inter-city mass transit system

Policy Linkages National Climate Change Policy, 2012 To integrate CC with other inter-related policies Conserve and improve energy efficiency Develop and enforce vehicle emissions standards Fuel efficient public transport system Plan for mass transit system in cities Promote scope of CDM projects

Environmental Legislation Sindh Environmental Protection Act, 2014 Prohibition on discharges of emissions and noise in excess to prescribed standards Environmental impact assessments for all projects in planning phase Environmental monitoring Prosecution system for non-compliance (Env Magistrates and Tribunals) Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 National Environmental Quality Standards Vehicular emissions Enforcement Status and Institutional Framework Capacity

Conclusion Prevailing environmental policies requires planning for sustainable transportation Transport sector specific standards needs to be develop for control of vehicular emissions Institutional framework to be defined for enforcement of policy and regulatory instruments for transport sector. Transport Policy need to be harmonized with climate change, environment, and sustainable development policies, strategies and regulatory requirements Involvement of all relevant stakeholders.