RECONSTRUCTION

 Reconstruction  Capital  Carpetbaggers  Scalawags  Freedmen’s Bureau  Impeach  13 th Amendment  14 th Amendment  15 th Amendment  Lynching

 Money Confederate Money became worthless Georgia was in debt Farmers lost their CAPITAL Society needed to rely on Sharecropping and Tenant Farming

 Sharecropper – person who owns nothing. Works for a share of the crops.  Tenant Farmer – the same as a sharecropper but owns their own tools and/or seeds.

 One goal of the war was to get the south away from a dependency on Cotton, but they just went back to it.  Land prices dropped. CARPETBAGGERS from the North came and bought up all the land.

 Thousands of people moved to Atlanta looking for jobs, making it the biggest and most important city.  Atlanta becomes the capital in 1868 because of its superior transportation (railroad) network.

 Freedman – a term referring to a newly freed slave.  The Republican Party established the Freedmen’s Bureau to help newly freed slaves.  They established several African American colleges including Atlanta University, Morehouse College, and Clark College

 Several churches became divided on the issue of slavery and social injustices so several new churches were created.

LINCOLN’S PLANCONGRESS’S PLAN  Wanted to go easy on the South.  10 Percent Plan – if 10% swear an oath to the Union, the state can rejoin.  Confederate leaders could be pardoned (forgiven).  Write a new constitution  Controlled by “Radical Republicans.” – extreme  Wanted to punish the South.  50% swear an oath of allegiance.  Write a new constitution.  Ratify the 13 th AMENDMENT.

 Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.  Andrew Johnson (a Democrat) becomes president. He was sympathetic to the South.  Radical Republicans IMPEACH Andrew Johnson and take over Reconstruction.

 Phase 1 Georgia rewrites their constitution. All Southern states ratify the 13 th Amendment. Ends slavery. Southern states create black codes, which are laws that discriminate against freedmen

 Examples of black codes: Whipping allowed for punishment. Longer working hours for blacks. Blacks arrested for loitering. No blacks can testify or serve on juries.

 Phase II Southern states placed back under military rule until they ratify the 14 th AMENDMENT- prevents laws from discriminated based on race. The South was divided into 5 military districts. Georgia was in a military district with Alabama and Florida. A Republican governor was put in charge of Georgia.

 SCALAWAGS (traitors) were people who were from the South but voted for Republicans.  Scalawags and carpetbaggers work together to approve the 14 th amendment in Georgia.  Georgia is removed from military rule.

 Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was created in the south to terrorize both freedmen and scalawags.  They did not want freedmen to practice their new rights.  Supported the Democratic Party.  Republicans in the North created the “Force Act” designed to stop the KKK but it didn’t work.  Performed LYNCHINGS.

 Phase III Southern states were placed under military rule for the 3 rd time until they ratified the 15 th AMENDMENT – gave African Americans the right to vote. Georgia ratified the 15 th amendment and was removed from military rule. Southern states imposed poll taxes and literacy tests.

 Election of 1876 Republican – Rutherford B. Hayes Democrat – Samuel Tilden The election was close and they were unsure who really won. Compromise of 1877 stated that Hayes would become president if the North promised to officially end Reconstruction.