Air Pollution Pollutants and its effects

The chemical air which came from automobiles, trucks, jets, and trains. Fuel combustion at stationary sources include most power plants and factories. Industrial processes such as in smelters, petroleum refineries, paper mills and synthetic rubber manufacturing.

Six Air Pollutants Six Air Pollutants  Particulate Matter  Ozone  Sulfur Dioxide  Oxide of Nitrogen  Carbon Monoxide  Lead and Heavy Metals

The Health effects of these Pollutants  The possible mechanism of lung disease related to air pollutants is that small particles penetrate the Alveolar Epithelium and cause lung inflammation.If an individual already has damaged lungs or lung disease then increased inflammation as a result of air pollution will worsen their condition. Air Pollution can also cause people to have heart attack.Two potential mechanisms by which it does this have been proposed:  Lung inflammation can lead to the macrophages that cause in the clotting mechanisms of the blood.  A neural reflex maybe initiated effects of air pollutants in the lung leading to changes in the heart rhythm and rate.

Health Effects of these Air Pollutants Polluted air contains one, or more, hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant that creates a hazard to general health. It is usually measured in terms of "particulate matter", or, the number of particles of these potentially hazardous substances as a percentage of air. According to the National Resources Defense Council, some 64,000 people in the USA may be dying prematurely each year from cardiopulmonary causes linked to air pollution. This link was made when the National Resources Defense Council applied findings from a 1995 study by the American Cancer Society and the Harvard Medical School. Air pollution from coal-fired power plants accounts for about 30,000 premature deaths in the USA each year. It is estimated that in the most polluted cities, lives are shortened by an average of one to two years. Polluted air contains one, or more, hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant that creates a hazard to general health. It is usually measured in terms of "particulate matter", or, the number of particles of these potentially hazardous substances as a percentage of air. According to the National Resources Defense Council, some 64,000 people in the USA may be dying prematurely each year from cardiopulmonary causes linked to air pollution. This link was made when the National Resources Defense Council applied findings from a 1995 study by the American Cancer Society and the Harvard Medical School. Air pollution from coal-fired power plants accounts for about 30,000 premature deaths in the USA each year. It is estimated that in the most polluted cities, lives are shortened by an average of one to two years.National Resources Defense CouncilNational Resources Defense Council

Environmental Effects of Air Pollution Environmental Effects of Air Pollution The greenhouse effect is a phenomenon whereby greenhouse gases, create a condition in the upper atmosphere causing a trapping of heat and leading to increased surface and lower tropospheric temperatures. It shares this property with many other gases, the largest overall forcing on Earth coming from water vapour. Other greenhouse gases include methane, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, NOx, and ozone. Many greenhouse gases, contain carbon, and some of that from fossil fuels.

 This effect has been understood by scientists for about a century, and technological advancements during this period have helped increase the breadth and depth of data relating to the phenomenon. Currently, scientists are studying the role of changes in composition of greenhouse gases from natural and anthropogenic sources for the effect on climate change. Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation.climate changeaverage temperatureoceans

Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) is the current state-of-the art technology used for removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) from the exhaust flue gases in power plants that burn coal or oil to produce steam for the steam turbines that drive their electricity generators. sulfur dioxideflue gasespower plantssteam turbinesgeneratorssulfur dioxideflue gasespower plantssteam turbinesgenerators Sulfur dioxide Sulfur dioxide is responsible for acid rain formation. Tall flue gas stacks disperse the emissions by diluting the pollutants in ambient air and transporting them to other regions. acid rainflue gas stacksacid rainflue gas stacks

is rain or any other form of precipitation which is unusually acidic. It has harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals and buildings. Acid rain is mostly caused by human emissions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds which react in the atmosphere to produce acids. In recent years, many governments have introduced laws to reduce these emissions.

Gaseous Characteristics of Air Pollutants Particulate matter includes a wide range of pollutants — road dust, diesel soot, fly ash, wood smoke, nitrates in fertilizes, sulfate aerosols, lead, arsenic, etc. The principal source of such particle emission is the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, gasoline, and wood. Air pollution from coal burning in electric utilities is a dominant cause of smog, deadly soot, global warming, pollution in our National Parks, toxic contamination of fish and polluted estuaries.

OZONE is a colorless gas at room Temp. it has a very pungent odor similar to that of a garlic. it is heaver than oxygen and more soluble in water. it is powerful oxidizing agent. It is irritating to the mucus membrane and it is quite toxic to the body except in extremely drying of varnishes and inks, and in the treatment of water.

is released into the air during the combustion of fossil fuels. Sulfur dioxide has been used as a preservative. It s extremely harmful to the health of human and aquatic creatures.

are formed in the exhaust of automobiles and planes. This compounds are detrimental to human health, they pose no threat to the ozone layer sphere. This is one reason the use of supersonic planes has not been greatly expanded.

CARBON MONOXIDE long known as a poisonous gas because of its affinity for hemoglobin which forms such a strong bond with the gas that the blood is unable to carry sufficient oxygen to the tissues. It can also act as a neurotransmitter in the brain. It is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas.

hard, dense, solid (except mercury), strong, shiny and can be polished, malleable and ductile, sonorous, can conduct heat and electricity, usually have high melting points, have high tensile strengths, and have high densities.

LEAD is in the air because gasoline usually contains lead additives to make it burn smoothly. The effects of lead poisoning include appetite loss which may progress to vomiting, constipation, seizures and finally coma.

The one person do to reduce Air Pollution In order to minimize air pollution the people should provide anti-pollution control service. In order the quality of air. The following steps can be undertaken:  Burn only coal and oil with low-sulfur content in industrial factories and power plants.  Vehicles must be equipped with catalytic converters which turn pollutants into harmless substances.

 Closer monitory procedures in highly congested communities are necessary to minimize air pollution.  All laws and regulations to prevent and control air pollution must be strictly enforced.

ALIGNO,JESSA LIEGH DIAMBRANG,DAINALYN MACABUGTO,SHEILA PANGCOGA,WARDA VILLAGONZALO,JOSEPHINE

REFERENCES hhhh tttt tttt pppp :::: //// //// wwww wwww wwww.... llll eeee nnnn nnnn tttt eeee cccc hhhh.... cccc oooo mmmm //// FFFF AAAA QQQQ ---- aaaa iiii rrrr ---- pppp oooo llll llll uuuu tttt iiii oooo nnnn.... hhhh tttt mmmm hhhh tttt tttt pppp :::: //// ////.... gggg oooo oooo gggg llll eeee.... cccc oooo mmmm //// ssss cccc hhhh oooo llll aaaa rrrr ???? aaaa iiii rrrr ;;;; pppp oooo llll llll uuuu tttt iiii oooo nnnn &&&& gggg bbbb vvvv. hhhh tttt tttt pppp :::: //// //// yyyy aaaa hhhh oooo oooo.... cccc oooo mmmm,,,, cccc ssss aaaa.... cccc oooo mmmm //// pppp aaaa rrrr tttt nnnn eeee rrrr ssss //// vvvv iiii eeee wwww rrrr eeee cccc oooo rrrr dddd.... pppp hhhh pppp? JJJJ.A,DEAN,”ChemistryHandbook”.manufactori ng process,California.