FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) (Darmstadt, Germany) low-energy cave MeV/u fragmentation/fission ~1GeV/u fragment separator 350m ring branch HISPEC/DESPEC Zsolt Podolyák PANDA R3B EXL, ILIMA HISPEC, DESPEC, LASPEC
Production yields and physics at FAIR: High primary beam intensity ~10 12 ion/s for 238 U High transmission (SuperFRS)
H. Geissel et al. NIM B 204 (2003) 71 Comparison of FRS and Super-FRS -increase in transmission for fission products (a factor of 10) -cleaner beams due to the higher number of stages
CDR p.65. Some physics questions with radioactive beam
N=82 N=126 H. Grawe, K. Langanke, G. Martinez-Pinedo, to be published. Larger differences (lack of experimental data)
isotopes of all elements; 0 MeV/u < E <200 MeV/u ions with short lifetimes (>100 ns) beam cocktail or mono isotopic beams isomeric beams - gamma-ray spectroscopy particle spectroscopy intermediate energy beams: MeV/u - Coulomb barrier beams - decay spectroscopy Features HISPEC/DESPEC
Particle tracking (Z,pos.,E) γ-ray det. High-resolution In-flight SPECtroscopy (HISPEC) Charged particle det., plunger Identification (spectrometer, LYCCA )
Ge Cluster beam Target chamber CATE Ge Miniball Typically: 100MeV/u, ε =0.06, ∆E /E =0.02 ε =1.3% (1.3MeV) E=100 MeV/u ε =2.8% (Lorentz boost) dE/E<2% HECTOR RISING => HISPEC
AGATA 1π (demonstrator) at HISPEC RISING AGATA 1π (demonstrator) (today) ~2011 Efficiency : 2.8% ~15% (10.5%) FWHM: 20 keV 7.6 keV target-detector distance: 15 cm Much increased sensitivity Possibility of angular distribution and polarisation measurements, Coincidence measurements, g-factors (transient field method) Determination of source position (?) (target vs. degrader) E/A=100 MeV Several UK groups involved
Requirements for the beam tracking for AGATA uncertainty (sigma) beta=5% beta=20% beta=50% position (cm) direction (degrees) velocity module (%) E. Farnea, F.Recchia, LNL-INFN Ann.Rep and private communication.
Identification of reaction products CATE => LYCCA dE-E dE-E +TOF Ti nuclei different masses separated upto A=100 M.Taylor et al. 55 Ni( 9 Be,xn,4p)
Lund-York-Cologne CAlorimeter (LYCCA) Diamond ? Start TOF n DSSD’s Light particle energy detection Diamond ? Stop TOF x DSSD’s particle energy loss (ΔE) x CsI detectors particle energy (E) detection DSSD’s: 6cm x 6cm, 32 x 32 strips, 500μm total lab angle (2m separation) ± 2.6° Two modules i)LCP detection ii) Fragment identification CsI’s: 2cm x 2cm, 3 x 3 x 3 array 3cm thick, stops 100 MeV protons Possibly 13 telescopes for final design Fragment identification from ΔE, E, tracking and TOF beam from Super FRS (magnetic separator) First LYCCA Tests in 2007
Rising Array 15 CLUSTERs (7 Ge crystals each) March 2006 RISING => DESPEC
NEUTRON DETECTOR DSSD IMPLANTATION DETECTOR GE γ-ARRAY RADIOACTIVE BEAM DEcay SPECtroscopy (DESPEC)
24 cm 8 cm 8 x 8 cm 128 x 128 strips 1 mm (Micron in progress) 3 dssd EE Veto AIDA: Advanced Implantation Detector Array Coordinator: T. Davinson Implantation energy measurement Decay energy measurement (several layers) Low threshold: ~40 keV (conversion electron!) Fast recovery (~µs); ASIC Edinburgh, STFC, Liverpool
Extended configuration (Super-FRS monochromatic) Compact configuration (Super-FRS achromatic) Planar Ge Array for DESPEC 24 stacks of 3 DSS-Planar detectors: Detectors24 Planar crystals per detector unit 3 Strips per element8 + 8 Electronics channels1152 Effective number of voxels UK: Brighton, Edinburgh, Liverpool, Manchester, Paisley, STFC, Surrey, York
Setup A / Target Super-FRS LEB Setup B (spectrometer mode) monoenergetic degrader Setup C / stopping cell MF9 HISPEC DESPEC LYCCA
Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams (R3B)
EXotic nuclei studied in Light-ion induced reactions at the NESR storage ring (EXL)
RISING => HISPEC/DESPEC Continuous improvement AIDA in ~2010 LYCCA-0 in ~2010 AGATA demonstrator in ~2011? Physics Theory NUSTAR-UK HISPEC, DESPEC, R3B/EXL, ILIMA, LASPEC Statement of Interest in preparation Summary
Physics Example: the Zr isotopes (Z=40) T.R. Werner, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz, Z. Phys. A358 (1997) Zr Zr Zr Zr 82 spherical deformed (β=0.45) spherical ? Coulomb excitation decay Lifetime: >1 s 1.2 s <1 s
A. Bürger et al., Phys. Lett B622, 29 (2005) High energy => Background Fragmentation => Beam size: Δx~1-2 cm