Anglo-Saxons 500-1066

The Anglo-Saxons c. 450-1066

Discuss Beowulf What was this Germanic culture like according to the poem? Consider.. Values Settlement of disputes Entertainment Fighting Women Aristocracy and peasants The socioeconomic class of heroes

Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms c. 700

Monastic scribes

Written Laws Elevated the Prestige of Kings

The Ismere Diploma 736 Charter during Aethelbald’s reign 716-757

Anglo-Saxon Charter

Chirograph

Tribal Hidage c. 700-720 Hwinca syfan þusend hyda. 7,000 Ciltern sætna feower þusend hyda. 4,000 Hendrica þryu þusend hyda ond fif hund hyda. 3,500 Unecungaga twelf hund hyda. 1,200 Arosætna syx hund hyda. 600 Færpinga þreo hund hyda. is in Middelenglum Færpinga 300 Bilmiga syx hund hyda. 600 Eastwilla syx hund hyda. 600 Westwilla syx hund hyda. 600 East engle þrittig þusend hida. 30,000 Eastsexena syofon þusend hyda. 7,000 Cantwarena fiftene þusend hyda. 15,000 Suþsexena syufan þusend hyda. 7,000 Westsexena hund þusend hyda. 100,000

Coins of Offa

Anointing & Coronation Raised the Prestige of Kings

Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms c. 700

Viking Invasions of the British Isles

Viking Invasion 793-1066

Alfred the Great 871-899

The Burghal Clusters

Guthrum’s Peace c. 886

Early Shire Structure approx. 30 shires. C. 950

Royal Writ

King Edgar, c. 973

Cnut the Great r. 1016-1035 Danish King of England

The Norman Conquest 1066

European Expansion 1000-1300

Physical Map of Europe

Moldboard plow

Agricultural Patterns throughout Europe c. 1300

The Hanseatic League c. 1300

Monarchies became increasingly powerful by 1300

Medieval Universities

French Gothic at St. Chapelle

The Annunciation

Siege of Jerusalem, 1099

Anglo-Saxons Migrations Originally adamant pagans begin from Continent in 5th century initiate battles with Britons Originally adamant pagans Converted through domestic proselytization Augustine of Canterbury arrives 597 Ethelbert of Kent and Queen Bertha Establishment of Roman Christianity in Britain eventual conflict with Irish Christianity

Christianity and Literacy Clerical literati Written legal codes Ethelbert c. 600 Alfred c. 900 Written charters Formal wills and writs

The Northumbrian Renaissance c.625- c.790 Illuminated Manuscripts Intellectual revival Bede Alcuin Conversion Mercia Continental Saxons, including Frisia Composition of Beowulf?

The Venerable Bede

Alfred the Great (849-99) Unification of Southern England Establishment of Uniform Legal Code Reinvigoration of Learning Danish Invasions (793- c.900) Danish cultural influence Establishment of the Danelaw c. 900 Unification of Mercians and West Saxons Danish rule ends 1042

English Society c. 1066 Political Unity and Administrative System English Identity Anglo-Saxon Danish/Scandinavian Thoroughly Christian Uniform Currency Established Vernacular Tradition

Summary The conquests of the Franks, Anglo-Saxons, and Normans had an enduring impact on the formation of the political boundaries of Europe Similarly the achievements of the Celtic Church during its golden age had an enduring impact on the spread of monasticism and the preservation of texts throughout Europe; ultimately, however, Celtic Christianity gradually receded as the papacy formed an enduring relationship with the Franks