¿Cómo puedes identificar la disolución básica y la disolución ácida?

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Presentation transcript:

¿Cómo puedes identificar la disolución básica y la disolución ácida?

tornasol indicadores fenolftaleína azul de bromotimol coloración incolora roja amarilla medio ácido medio básico roja azul azul

Na O H [] [] + - enlace iónico Hidróxido de sodio Hidróxido metálico

O H [] - enlace covalente polar

+ − + + ácido nítrico agua anión nitrato catión hidronio

+ − + + HNO 3 (ac)+H 2 O→NO 3 - (ac)+H 3 O + (ac)

+ anión nitrato catión hidronio iones en disolución NO 3 - (ac) H 3 O + (ac)

Nomenclatura y notación química de los hidróxidos no metálicos

¿Cómo se nombran los hidróxidos no metálicos? Reglas de nomenclatura

ácido nítrico ácido sulfúrico ácido fosfórico

ácido nitroso ácido sulfuroso ácido fosforoso

Para nombrar los hidróxidos no metálicos: ácido cambiar terminación nombre del anión poliatómico ito por oso ato por ico

nitrato HNO 3 ácido nítrico

sulfato H 2 SO 4 ácido sulfúrico

nitrito HNO 2 ácido nitroso

sulfito H 2 SO 3 ácido sulfuroso

Para nombrar los hidróxidos no metálicos: ácido cambiar terminación nombre del anión poliatómico ito por oso ato por ico

¿Cómo se formulan los hidróxidos no metálicos? Para formular hidróxidos no metálicos representación de aniones poliatómicos oxigenados

NO 2 − nitrito NO 3 − nitrato SO 3 2 − sulfito SO 4 2 − sulfato

H (PO 4 ) 3– 3 ácido fosfórico

H 3 PO 4

H (NO 2 ) 1– 1 ácido nitroso

HNO 2