Chapter 17

 Japanese empire much larger than Hitler’s Conquered much of Asia

 Douglas McArthur Great military strategist In command of Allied Forces in Philippines American Forces struggled Asked to leave Philippines by FDR

 Major turning point of war in the Pacific  Lieutenant James Doolittle Launched Pearl Harbor-style attack against Tokyo in Spring 1942

 Americans and Australians stopped Japanese drive towards Australia 5 day battle First time Japanese invasion was stopped

 Island northwest of Hawaii Americans intercepted Japanese message about planned attack on Midway  Americans caught Japanese off guard with attack  Major turning point of the war

 Allies began “island hopping” after Midway Took territory back from Japan Moved towards Japan  Took Guadalcanal Became referred to as the “Island of Death”

 Kamikaze Suicide plane bombings Crashed into Allied ships  Did not help the Japanese turn the tides of the war  Japanese suffered incredible losses in 3 days at Leyte Gulf 3 Battleships 4 Aircraft Carriers 13 Cruisers 500 Planes

 Island in the Pacific U.S. bombers could reach Japan if they established a base there  Heavily defended by the Japanese 6,000 U.S. Marines died in taking the island

 Final obstacle for Allies  Japan launched more than 1,900 kamikaze attacks in defense  Death tolls 7,600 Americans 110,000 Japanese  Allies predicted great losses if they invaded Japan 1 million Americans 500,000 British

 The Manhattan Project Top secret project to research and construct an atomic bomb Directed by scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer Tested in New Mexico

 Truman ordered dropping of bomb on two Japanese targets Hiroshima – Aug. 6, 1945 Nagasaki – Aug. 9, 1945  Killed 200,000 people total  Japanese surrendered after second bombing

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 Doolittle’s Raid

 Island Hopping

 Battle of the Coral Sea