CLONING OR GENETIC MODIFICATION What’s the difference?

Jurassic Park

In the novel Jurassic Park by Michael Crichton: Scientists used ancient dinosaur DNA trapped in amber to clone extinct species. They designed a theme park around this idea to earn profits on tourism. The cloned dinosaurs eventually became uncontrollable and the scientists abandoned their project, sacrificing many lives along with their investment. Dave Walker/CC.BY.2.0

What’s Your Opinion? Do you think there was anything the scientists could have done to reduce the risk? Is there any way to bring extinct organisms back by any other means? Turn to your shoulder partner and share your thoughts. Scott Kinmartin CC.BY.2.0

What is Cloning? Clones are organisms that are exact genetic copies. Every single bit of their DNA is identical. Clones can happen naturally—identical twins are just one of many examples. Or they can be made in the lab. Click here to read more information on cloning and watch some animations. ntent/cloning/whatiscloning/

Many organisms have been cloned in the past 50 years with varying success Mice, cattle, sheep, cat, deer, dog, horse, mule, ox, rabbit and rat, and a rhesus monkey have all been cloned. Some lived longer than others. Dolly the sheep (cloned in 1996) only lived about 6 years. Courtesy: National Human Genome Research Institute Steven Walling/CC. BY-SA 2.0

Types of cloning reproductive cloning (which is the cloning of a whole organism) therapeutic cloning (which is the cloning of cells or even organs or other tissue for transplant purposes).

Cloning

Genetic Modification Defined as changing the genes of an organism using biotechnology. (adding or deleting) the manipulation of genetic material (ie, DNA or genes) in a cell or an organism in order to produce desired characteristics and to eliminate unwanted ones. This has an effect on the resulting trait in the organism. Click here for some more information

Genetically Modified Organisms CC.BY.2.0 Glofish and Green Luminescent Mice CC.BY.2.0 Sweet Corn CC.BY.2.0 Hawaiian Papaya Some modified traits are easily visible like these glowing animals. And some modified traits are not easy to see, such as the disease resistance introduced to these fruits and vegetables

Cloning vs. Genetic Modification Cloning humans is currently not allowed by law in any country on Earth. Genetic modification is currently used to replace or repair mutated genes or to add new traits to an organism.

Think about the following… Turn to your shoulder partner and talk about these points. Press Pause, Think, & Share 1)Compare cloning and genetic modification. 2)Contrast between cloning and genetic modification.

Time to Write Make three columns in your composition notebook like below Fill in with the information that was discussed. CloningBoth Genetic Modification