11/2/15 Ratification #34 Warm up- What do you think was the most important reason for establishing a strong central government under the new constitution? Answer in 2-3 COMPLETE sentences Your notes will glue like a flap here. You will draw a picture and answer some questions on the actual page, so be sure to glue the notes as a flap  Wrap up: What was the influence of the Federalist papers on the ratification of the constitution?

Ratifying the Constitution

A New System of Government Individual rights are maintained in what is called popular sovereignty – which means, the people have the power In the new nation, people have the power by voting.

Checks and Balances The delegates decided to divide the roles of government into 3 branches. What are the 3 branches and what are their jobs? Draw a tree with 3 branches in your notes. For each branch of government, label the branch and their responsibility

Where are Separation of Powers found in the Constitution? Separation of Powers is in Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the Constitution where each branch is given its roles and responsibilities.

Federalism The Constitution provides for a Federalist form of government in which power is shared between the central (or federal) government and states.

Amending the Constitution The process for amending the constitution was made difficult so that there would be a 2/3 majority vote 2/3 of each house of congress and ¾ of all states Many amendments have been suggested, but only 27 have been approved

Those who supported the Constitution were called Federalists, and those who opposed to the Constitution were called Antifederalists.

The Anti- Federalists Patrick Henry Samuel Adams Richard Henry Lee

Anti-Federalists those who opposed a strong central government, and were against a Constitution Arguments against the ratification of the Constitution Only benefits the wealthy Would ignore the peoples rights This country is too large for a single government Constitution doesn’t protect individual rights Felt states lost a lot of power Leading Non-Supporters Patrick Henry, Sam Adams, Richard Henry Lee

The Federalists John Jay James Madison Alexander Hamilton

Federalists Supporters of the constitution Insisted division of powers/system of checks and balances would protect US from the tyranny of centralized authority

The Federalist papers were published together in a book called The Federalist.

QUICK CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING

1. The Constitution provides for a ______ form of government. C) Direct Democratic D) Monarchial A) Totalitarian B) Federalist

2. Those who supported the Constitution were called ______. A) Tories B) Whigs C) Federalists D) Loyalists

3. Those who opposed the Constitution were called ______. A) Antifederalists B) Federalists C) Loyalists D) Patriots

4. When the Antifederalists published their views about the Constitution, James Madison and others countered with a series of essays called______. A) Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania B) the Articles of Confederation C) the Virginia Plan D) The Federalist papers

Anti- Federalists Federalists Fill in your T chart with these points Wanted important political powers to remain with the states. Wanted the legislative branch to have more power than the executive. Feared that a strong executive might become a king or tyrant. Believed a bill of rights needed to be added to the Constitution to protect people’s rights. Supported removing some powers from the states and giving more powers to the national government. Favored dividing powers among different branches of government. Proposed a single person to lead the executive branch.

Now that you have completed your T chart, take a few minutes to answer the questions

11/3/15 Ratification Continues #35 Warm up- respond to this quote: “A consolidation of this extensive constitution under one government (under the Constitution of 1787) cannot succeed, without a sacrifice of your liberties.” Is the author of this quote a Federalist or Anti-Federalist? What is the author referring to in this quote? Do you agree or disagree with this quote? Federalist Papers You are going to complete a SOAPSTone analysis with your partner on this side. Be prepared to discuss your findings with the class Wrap up: How did the ratification of the Constitution lead to the development of political parties?

Patrick Henry and Virginia’s George Mason, both Antifederalists, refused to ratify the Constitution until a bill of rights was added.

George Mason

Ratification Lacking majority support, the Federalists wanted the Constitution to be ratified by state conventions, not state legislatures. Delaware first ratified the Constitution on December 7, 1787. New Hampshire’s approval (the ninth state to ratify) made the Constitution official six months later. There were still states that had not ratified. This threatened the outcome of the new Gov.

After Virginia ratified the Constitution, New York soon followed After Virginia ratified the Constitution, New York soon followed. A year later North Carolina and later Rhode Island also ratified the Constitution in 1790.

By 1791 three quarters of the states had ratified the first 10 amendments to the Constitution which came to be known as the Bill of Rights.

Ratification of the Constitution   Date State Votes Yes No 1 December 7, 1787 Delaware 30 0 2 December 12, 1787 Pennsylvania 46 23 3 December 18, 1787 New Jersey 38 0 4 January 2, 1788 Georgia 26 0 5 January 9, 1788 Connecticut 128 40 6 February 6, 1788 Massachusetts 187 168 7 April 28, 1788 Maryland 63 11 8 May 23, 1788 South Carolina 149 73 9 June 21, 1788 New Hampshire 57 47 10 June 25, 1788 Virginia 89 79 11 July 26, 1788 New York 30 27 12 November 21, 1789 North Carolina 194 77 13 May 29, 1790 Rhode Island 34 3

QUICK CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING

Which of the following represented the Federalist viewpoint? 1) Favored dividing powers among different branches of government. 2) Wanted the legislative branch to have more power than the executive. 3) Feared that a strong executive might become a king or tyrant. 4) Wanted important political powers to remain with the states.

Which of the following represented the Antifederalists viewpoint? 1) Supported removing some powers from the states and giving more powers to the national government. 2) Proposed a single person to lead the executive branch. 3) Favored dividing powers among different branches of government. 4) Believed a bill of rights needed to be added to the Constitution to protect people’s rights.

Patrick Henry and ______, refused to ratify the Constitution until a bill of rights was added. 1) George Mason 2) Alexander Hamilton 3) John Jay 4) Edmund Randolph

After Virginia ratified the Constitution New York soon followed After Virginia ratified the Constitution New York soon followed. A year later North Carolina and later Rhode Island also ratified the Constitution in ______. 1) 1763 2) 1790 3) 1783 4) 1776

By 1791 three quarters of the states had ratified the first 10 amendments to the Constitution which came to be known as the ______. 3) Federalist papers 4) Bill of Rights 1) Preamble 2) Articles of Confederation

After studying both sides of the debates for and against ratification, how do you feel? Would you classify yourself as a Federalist or Anti-Federalist and why? If the 1787 Constitution were presented today for ratification, would it be ratified? Why or why not? What issues are still relevant today as in1787? What issues are different?

Examples of Student Work

Interactive notebook activity…Wrap Up You just heard that a bill of rights will be added to the new Constitution. As a concerned citizen, you will write a letter to the Convention expressing what kinds of rights you want represented in this new bill. Explain why you want these specific rights…