The Protestant Reformation Chapter 12 Section 1 Pg. 328-333

Standard 7.9.1 List the causes of the problems in the Catholic Church. Standard 7.9.2 Describe the ideas of the major figures during the Renaissance. Objectives: To learn that the challenges to Catholic policies that had been in place for a long time would have widespread effects. Also, to learn that the actions of reformers would lead to sweeping changes across northern Europe

The Catholic Church faces challengers… People living during the late Renaissance were educated Began to see problems of the Catholic Church Were wanting REFORM or change

Vocabulary!!! Reformation = a reform movement of Western Christianity

Unpopular Church Practices People had complaints about the Church Problems with… Behavior of clergy Church practices

Behavior of Clergy Many thought that the clergy were not practicing what they preached Thought the pope was too concerned with politics and becoming powerful

Church becoming too rich? The Catholic Church had become one of the richest institutions in Europe Collected money from the people but did not pay taxes

Problems with Practices How did they collect money? One method = indulgences The clergy would allow people to “pay” to reduce time spent in purgatory.

What is purgatory? Heaven Purgatory The Other Place Earth Catholics believed it was a place where souls went before they went to heaven.

How did INDULGENCES work? Heaven Purgatory The Other Place Earth $$$ paid to clergy

Why would this be a problem? Not practicing what they preached Completely unfair Why would this be a problem? What about those who could not afford indulgences?

The Call for Reform!!!!!!!!!!!!! Desiderus Erasmus Dutch priest Saw problems with Church Wanted to improve the Church, not ruin it

Martin Luther Priest Angry with Catholic Church Nailed a list of complaints to a Church door in Wittenberg, Germany (1517) Ninety-Five Theses Printing press spread this document to others

What does this say about the power of the Church? Not as powerful as they used to be

What was the Ninety-Five Theses? Voiced complaints Criticized the Church for indulgences Outlined his beliefs Church should not be a “judge” As long as people were living by the Bible’s rules, they could go to Heaven

How will the Church react? Pope Leo X not happy = excommunicated Nobles liked Luther = support Holy Roman Emperor (ruler of Germany) had his stand before a “diet” Sentenced him to be banned A brave noble saved Luther and hid him away from prosecution

Caused a split in the Church PROTESTANTS = those who were protesting against the Church Still Christian Lutherans=followers of Martin Luther

What was next for Luther? Translated the Bible into German so the people had access

Other Reformers William Tyndale John Calvin King Henry VIII

William Tyndale English professor Translated the Bible into English Later executed by the Church for heresy

John Calvin Taught PREDESTINATION God had a plan in place & actions could not change that plan Already a “guest list” for heaven Thought entertainment was dangerous! Made religious & political leader in Switzerland Banned entertainment of all kinds No fun!!!! : (

The idea of PREDESTINATION…

King Henry VIII Was a Catholic king who wanted to be able to divorce & remarry Church denied him Decided to create his own church Basically the same as the Catholic Church but divorce was ok More of a personal issue vs. religious

Checking for Understanding! Martin Luther What did he do? Impact: John Calvin