The American Revolution Chapter 5

Second Continental Congress all agreed to support the war, but argued over purpose

Second Continental Congress (cont.)

Olive Branch Petition”(7/5/1775) and the “Declaration of the causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms” (7/6/1775)

Olive Branch Petition (cont.) British recruited African Slaves, Indians and foreign mercenaries known as “Hessians”

Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” Became a best seller

Decision of Independence 1776 Actions of Continental Congress

Thomas Jefferson

Three Parts of the Declaration of Independence Part 1: Part 2:

Effects of the Declaration of Independence

Articles of Confederation Adopted by CC in 1777, but not finally ratified until 1781 *Fake Smile*

The War: Preparation Challenges

George Washington Nominated to command 1775

Phases of Warfare: New England Bunker Hill

Phases of Warfare: Mid-Atlantic Region British best chance to win

Phases of Warfare: The South After French commitment, GB imposed new limits to its level of commitment in the war

Peace of Paris Cornwallis’s defeat at Yorktown shifted popular opinion in England against the war...

Social Impact of the American Revolution

Loyalists 1/5 (maybe 1/3) of white population some office holders

Religions Anglicans Quakers Catholics Church and State

Native Americans “To most Indians, the revolution threatened to replace a ruling group in which they had developed at least some measure of trust (the British) with one they considered generally hostile to them (the Patriots).” Brinkley p. 170

Revolutionary Era Women Departure of men to fight left women in charge of farms and businesses

Slavery During Revolution During Legislation

Daniel Shays Early Financial Woes Soldiers

Shay’s Rebellion Absence of Central Government Daniel Shays and Job Shatuck, leaders of the Mass. Rebellion, aka Shay’s Rebellion Daniel Shay’s and his army of farmers protesting the unfair taxation, sitting in front of a court house in Mass. Before heading to the federal arsenal, with 1,200 men, later defeated by Washington and his force of 15,000

Shay’s Rebellion Soldiers plight Rebellion

Shay’s Rebellion Effects –Demonstrated need for strong, central government