Water’s Hydrogen Bonds. ONE molecule of water Draw what you think a water molecule looks like! We know that… ONE molecule of water is made up of 2H’s.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Covalent Bonds Chapter 6.2 Notes.

Advertisements

Unit 4: Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonds

CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Lesson 1Lesson 1Electrons and Energy Levels Lesson 2Lesson 2Compounds, Chemical Formulas, and Covalent Bonds Lesson 3Lesson 3Ionic.

General Chemistry Element –composed of atoms Nucleus –protons (+) and neutrons (0) Electrons (-)

Fig Atoms have nuclei and electrons. The nuclei contains positive charges and the electrons are negatively charged.

ATOMS. Objectives What is an atom and its three subatomic parts? What are the charges of the three subatomic parts? How do you find atomic mass and the.

Properties of Water. Water = H 2 O Oxygen and Hydrogen are bonded together by Covalent Bonds O and H share some electrons.

Why does this hurt?.

To understand biology, you MUST have a basic understanding of chemistry. Why?? Because each of your cells are able to function as a result of chemical.

Unit 1 Lesson 1 The Chemistry of Biology. Proton, Electron, and Neutron Proton – _______________________that make up part of the _____________ of an atom.

Compounds and Bonds Chapter 2 - Chemical Interaction.

Covalent bonds Pg Covalent Bonds G Nonmetals with high ionization energies do not tend to form ionic bonds (transfer of electrons) G Instead.

Water Living organisms depend on the unique properties of water.

Chapter 6 Section 2 Pg

Two types of chemical bonds are Ionic Bonds and Covalent Bonds Chemical Bonding: Covalent Bonding.

Atoms, Molecules Atoms are made of 3 parts, ELECTRONS, PROTONS and NEUTRONS – Electrons are negatively charged – Protons are positively charged – Neutrons.

The Miracle Molecule By Yvonne Kelley. Water is an amazing molecule Water covers 70% of our planet and all of life depends on it Water makes up to 60%

Ms Imai Lee High School Unit 2: Let’s Get Tiny. In your notes write a paragraph responding to the prompt below. Warm-Up Do you think these pictures are.

Chemistry of Life UEQ: How do the properties and structures of materials determine their uses? What determines the type and extent of a chemical reaction?

 Objective: To describe how atoms bond together to form compounds using valence electrons  Journal: ◦ How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in.

Water’s chemical formula is H 2 O made of two hydrogens atoms and 1 oxygen atom formed by covalent bonds.

The structure of an atom  Atoms are the building blocks of matter.  Atoms are made up of smaller particles:  Protons are positively charged particles.

Covalent Bonds!. Covalent bond Between two nonmetals; sharing of the valence electrons Covalent bonds are weaker than Ionic bonds A molecule is the smallest.

Nature of Matter. Atom smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means.

Chemistry. Matter All living things are made of matter Cannot be created or destroyed.

Intermolecular Forces.  Intermolecular Forces – forces of attraction between molecules – act only between neighboring molecules  Boiling Point – good.

Unit 1 Lesson 1 The Chemistry of Biology. Proton, Electron, and Neutron Proton – positive particles that make up part of the nucleus of an atom Neutron.

LIFE DEPENDS ON THE UNIQUE PROPERITIES OF WATER

  In covalent bonding, the two electrons shared by the atoms are attracted to the nucleus of both atoms. Neither atom completely loses or gains electrons.

Chemical Formula  H 2 O  How many atoms?  How many elements?  How many molecules?  How many hydrogen atoms? Oxygen?  Why kind of bonds are between.

Journal Question If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the planet is covered by water. Water makes life on Earth.

Chapter 5 Section 3 Notes The chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons is called a covalent bond. Except for noble gases, nonmetals can bond.

Why does this hurt?. Water = H 2 O Oxygen and Hydrogen are bonded together by Covalent Bonds O and H share some electrons.

THE ATOM The smallest particle of any material.. “Protons, Electrons & Neutrons Oh My” The atom is made up of three subatomic particles The atom is made.

Properties of Water Polarity & Hydrogen Bonding. Polar Molecule Sometimes when atoms form covalent bonds, they do not share electrons equally One of the.

COMPOUNDS AND BONDING What is a COMPOUND? A compound is a substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.

 Two atoms become stable by sharing electrons  Form between nonmetals.

End Show Slide 1 of 44 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology.

Chapter Water and Its Properties. Anticipation Guide O Think-Make a Prediction O Pair- Discuss your predictions with a partner O Share- Your predictions.

Basic Chemistry What you may or may Not have learned in 8 th grade science…

Water Necessary for Life. Structure of Water H 2 0 Covalent Bonds –Electrons are shared Oxygen is more electronegative than other molecules –Means it.

6.2 Covalent Bonding Key Concepts:

What you’ve learned so far…..  Atoms form bonds in more than one way  In IONIC bonding, atoms give up or gain electrons  In COVALENT bonding, atoms.

Water’s Special Bond: Hydrogen Bonds. ONE molecule of water Draw what you think a water molecule looks like! We know that… ONE molecule of water is made.

$100 $400 $300$200$400 $200$100$100$400 $200$200$500 $500$300 $200$500 $100$300$100$300 $500$300$400$400$500.

Atoms and Molecules The stuff life is made of.. Atoms Crucial points: An atom is the smallest unit of an element. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons,

Water Properties Pictures and Diagrams. This is an example of a Hydrogen Bond.

Atoms, Elements, & Compounds. Elements Element --- any substance that can’t be broken down into simpler substances. Example of an element --- Oxygen,

1. Define electronegativity. How is electronegativity related to polarity? 2. How would you classify water – ionic or covalent bond?

Intermolecular Forces Chemistry 20. Types of Forces Ionic forces Ionic forces metal + non-metal, ionic crystals metal + non-metal, ionic crystals Within.

/26 Water’s Unique Properties Leave HW#12 out to be checked 1) Then, try to make your paper clip float! 2) Call Joe once your paper clip.

Ch Properties of Water. H 2 O - Water What you already know is that water is a __________ compound connecting __ Oxygen and __ Hydrogen atoms by.

Ch.2-1 Nature of Matter. POINT > Describe atoms, elements and isotopes POINT > Define compound, ionic and covalent bonds POINT > Identify water as a polar.

Properties of Water Biochemistry. Why is Water Important? Habitat Transport medium Some metabolic reactions Cell shape homeostasis.

Water Vocabulary Positive charge 2 hydrogen atoms 1 oxygen atom

Water Properties.

Water Chemistry

Properties of Water.

Why is Water Sticky? Part 1 -- Investigating the Properties of

Why is Water Sticky? Part 1 -- Investigating the Properties of

ATOMS Proton (+) Neutron Electron(-) - +

Sec. 4: Polar Bonds and Molecules

6.2 Covalent Bonding By: The Freshman Class!.

Physical Science Covalent Bonding.

The Properties of Water

Why is Water Sticky? Part 1 -- Investigating the Properties of

Chapter 15: Water Chemistry & Solutions

Molecular Biology Inorganic Chemistry.

Water’s Hydrogen Bonds

Presentation transcript:

Water’s Hydrogen Bonds

ONE molecule of water Draw what you think a water molecule looks like! We know that… ONE molecule of water is made up of 2H’s and 1 Oxygen. H 2 O= one water molecule Did you know… that one water drop of water is made up of roughly 5 million water molecules?

ONE molecule of water In a water molecule, H is behaving like a… non-metal! Oxygen is a… non-metal! Non-metal + Non-metal = what type of bond…? Covalent bonds So… 2 COVALENT BONDS are holding together the 2H’s and 1 Oxygen! = one water molecule!

ONE molecule of water If the 2H’s and 1 Oxygen are being held together by Covalent bonds that means that they are SHARING… valence electrons!!! Now Draw a water molecule using Bohr Models!

Water Molecule Bohr Model Oxygen Hydrogen Can you predict which atom doesn’t share evenly with the other atom and why? ee e ee ee e e e p p

ONE molecule of water BUT, the Oxygen atom is much bigger and stronger than the little Hydrogen atoms… So the Oxygen is NOT sharing the valence electrons evenly with the Hydrogen atoms. (Like a big brother picking on his little brother)

ONE molecule of water The Oxygen is pulling the electrons away from the Hydrogen atoms and into itself. Since electrons have a negative charge this means that the Oxygen atom in water is no longer neutral. Oxygen Now it has a partial charge that is -2.

ONE molecule of water When the Oxygen atom pulls the electrons away from the Hydrogen atoms this causes the 1p+ in Hydrogen’s nucleus to be exposed. Since protons are positive this means that the Hydrogen atoms now have a partial +1 charge.

ONE Molecule of Water -2-2  +1

Water molecules bond to other water molecules* Since water molecules have partial charges… *Remember that… The Oxygen end is negative and the Hydrogen end is positive- They bond because opposite partial charges will be attracted to each other between the water molecules! (This is called POLARITY)

How many Water molecules do you see here?

Water molecules bond to other water molecules  -2  +1 Positive End +1 Hydrogen Negative End -2 Oxygen

Water molecules bond to other water molecules The bonds that form between many water molecules are called Hydrogen bonds.Hydrogen bonds Hydrogen acts as a non-metal and Oxygen is a non-metal! So...ONE molecule of water is held together by 2 COVALENT BONDS. Hydrogen bonds form because the opposite partial charges of molecules are attracted to each other. When two or more water molecules bond to each other, they use HYDROGEN BONDS.

Properties of Hydrogen Bonds Hydrogen bonds are very weak bonds. Water molecules are polar (positive and negative end) Water can cause surface tension

Water Penny Activity Q: Have you ever seen water on top of a penny??? The water will form a bubble on top of the penny… it doesn’t just flatten out and spill off. How many drops can fit on a penny? Write a prediction on your paper.

What happens is the water molecules on the “outside” of the bubble hold on tighter to the inside molecules… they are forming stronger bonds. Surface Tension At the surface of any liquid, the molecules attract each other. The surface layer is in tension, called surface tension, which causes the surface of the liquid to act like an elastic skin containing the liquid. What Happened with the drops of water on the penny?

Surface Tension Activity Surface Tension In this activity, you will study surface tension and the effect that surfactants (materials that reduce the surface tension of liquids) have on it. Can you make a Paper Clip float on water?

Floating Paper Clip due to Surface Tension Hydrogen bonds holding tightly around the paper clip!

Water molecules bond to other water molecules  -2 How many Hydrogen bonds are there in the diagram? Place a star * where you think they are located.  -2  +1

Hydrogen Bonds in a Water Molecule Chain -2-2  -2  * * * *

Water molecules bond to other water molecules  -2 How many Covalent bonds are there in the diagram? Place an arrow with a (C) where you think a Covalent bond is.  -2  +1

Covalent Bonds in a Water Molecule Chain *  -2 Place a C where the Covalent bonds are located in the diagram below.  -2  ,6 3, ,10

Water Works We know one water molecule is made up of two atoms and one atom. Since a water molecule is made up of two non-metal particles it has bonds holding it together. However, when we have many water molecules bonding together, they are held together by bonds that are VERY weak! Water molecules bond because opposite attract! The hydrogen end of the water molecule will have a partial charge and the oxygen end will have a partial charge. Having these opposite charges means the water molecule has Because water loves Hydrogen partial charges -2 Polarity. Hydrogen +1 Oxygen itself! Covalent