1. Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures The human brain is a wet mass of nerve tissue. The brain has three parts –Forebrain (cerebrum and.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
IV.Neuroscience The relationship between brain and behavior.
Advertisements

The part of the neuron responsible for carrying a message
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
The Nervous System.
Neurons and the Nervous System. Nervous System –Central nervous system (CNS): Brain Spinal cord –Peripheral nervous system (PNS): Sensory neurons Motor.
VCE Psychology Units 3 & 4 Chapter 4: Central nervous system
Middle School Communications THE HUMAN BRAIN. Parts of the Cerebrum – Overview Will be reviewed over the next 6 slides The frontal lobe is located at.
 All or none = the least amount of energy needed to start the motion  Action Potential = the movement of neural activity  Refractory Period = the.
Body and behavior Chapter 6. Standards Standard II: Biopsychological Biological basis of behavior IIA-1.1 Structure and function on neuron IIA- 2.1 Organization.
T HE N ERVOUS S YSTEM The Communication System. T HE N ERVOUS S YSTEM FUNCTION Function: to communicate conditions within the body and the surrounding.
Nervous System Outline
8 th Grade Information Processing. Question: How do your feet know when to move when you want to walk?
Functions of the Nervous System  The nervous system has three basic functions:  Sensory - The nervous system senses certain changes (stimuli) both within.
Anatomy - Tuesday 5/12/2015 General Announcements
Agenda – Tuesday, February 4th
I. Nerve Organization A.Nerve Net – Limited synapses between neurons. B.Ganglia – Local cluster of nerves. C.Cephalization – Head formation and bilateral.
Brain Structure. Brain Stem 3 parts Medulla Oblongata Pons Midbrain.
© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Neuroscience and Behavior Chapter 2.
The Nervous System 2 Major Divisions: Central and Peripheral.
$100 $400 $300$200$400 $200$100$100$400 $200$200$500 $500$300 $200$500 $100$300$100$300 $500$300$400$400$500.
Chapter 3 Review Biopsychology This neurotransmitter is involved in schizophrenia and Parkinson’s Dopamine (high levels in schizophrenia)
Chapter 2 Neuroscience and Behavior. The Neuron Communication in the Nervous System takes place in the neurons Cells that are specialized to receive and.
BRAIN STRUCTURES. HINDBRAIN Cerebellum – coordinates movement, balance, organizes sensory information that guides movement medulla – circulates blood,
Early Brain Psychology 1800’s- German physician Franz Gall invented phrenology. He thought bumps on the skull could reveal mental abilities and character.
Nervous System Ch. 49. Nervous System -Found in every part of the body from the head to the tips of the fingers and toes. -Divided into central nervous.
Parts of the Brain. Three parts of the brain Hindbrain (lower) Mid brain Forebrain (upper)
WHY STUDY THE BRAIN IN PSYCHOLOGY? IT IS THE PART OF US THAT CONTROLS EVERY THOUGHT, ACTION, AND FEELING.
Topic 1 – 10 Points QUESTION: Made up of specific structures: dendrites, cell body, axon, and terminal buttons. ANSWER: What is a Neuron?
The Nervous System Anatomy & Physiology 2. Organization of the nervous System Central nervous system (CNS) – the brain and spinal cord –Interprets incoming.
Neuroscience and Behavior
LectureDate ______ Chapter 48 ~ Nervous System. Nervous systems Effector cells –muscle or gland cells Nerves –bundles of neurons wrapped in connective.
Chapter 48 ~ Nervous System. The Nervous System Neurons Glial cells Soma Axon Dendrite Synapse Neurotransmitters Action potential Motor neurons Interneurons.
Nervous systems n Effector cells~ muscle or gland cells n Nerves~ bundles of neurons wrapped in connective tissue n Central nervous system (CNS)~ brain.
The Human Brain Nervous System Group Day A Block 3.
Vitamins Organic molecules. Minerals Inorganic Trace minerals needed in very small amounts.
The Nervous System Chapter 11.
Students with Learning Disabilities
Brain About 100 billion multipolar neurons 3 major portions: –Cerebrum Largest part Contains nerve centers associated with sensory and motor functions.
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY/THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The Nervous System.
OVER VIEW OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) Dr.Mohammed Sharique Ahmed Quadri Assistant prof. Physiology Al Maarefa College.
Your Brain Pawson, PVMHS The neuron 2 hemispheres: Right & Left  In theory – left brain is analytical and objective, right brain is thoughtful.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Central Nervous System (CNS)  CNS develops from the embryonic neural tube 
Introduction to the Brain These notes should go in the “Biological “ Section of your binder. Only take notes on the slides with this symbol.
IV.Neuroscience The relationship between brain and behavior.
Function of Nervous System CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS.
Cerebral Cortex Thoughts and actions Frontal Lobe: Consciousness, what we do according to our environment, judgment, emotional response, language, gives.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 7 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
Middle School Communications
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR. WHY DO PSYCHOLOGISTS STUDY THE NERVOUS SYSTEM? The nervous system is the direct source of all behavior The nervous system is shaped.
COMMUNICATION, CONTROL AND RESPONSE Nervous System.
The Human Brain Part 1. Vocabulary -Neuron-A cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system. -Dendrite - Is the branching process of a neuron.
Human Brain Anatomy Chapter 49 Sections 2-3 Pgs Objective: I can describe how different parts of the brain control different parts of my body.
PSYCHOLOGY THE BRAIN Neuron Neuron- a nerve cell, the foundation of the nervous system. (All different shapes and sizes, but all have the same functions.)
Brain Jeopardy Brain PicturesWhat does it do?“Lobe”NeuronsMisc.
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.
UNIT 6: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THE NEURON
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Physical development: deals with physiological changes in the body Personal development: generally refers to changes in personality.
Brain Parts With Mnemonics.
Communicates Regulates Remembers
The Nervous system.
The Biology of Behavior
Function of Nervous System
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
BRAINS!!!.
Nervous system.
Functions of the Brain Year 10 – Psychology.
Central Nervous System
II. How the Nervous System Works
Studying The Brain.
Presentation transcript:

1. Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures The human brain is a wet mass of nerve tissue. The brain has three parts –Forebrain (cerebrum and diencephalon) –Mid brain (top of the brain stem) –Hindbrain (formed by cerebellum and part of brain stem.)

1.Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures Midbrain –Critical to learning –Governs reflex muscle activity such as adjusting –Deep inside the brain stem is reticular formation which controls consciousness, alerts of danger, etc. –Reticular formation is significant in attention and learning.

1.Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures Hindbrain –Made up largely of the cerebellum. –Important for coordination and balance –Cerebellum examines sensory in formation from the muscles to do this job.

1.Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures Forebrain –Central core of the brain or diencephalon. –Connects the left and right hemispheres.

Forebrain’s Parts Cerebral cortex NeuronsCerebrum Corpus Callosum Right Cerebral hemishpere Left Cerebral hemisphere DiencephalonThalamusHypothalamus Cebral Cortex –Frontal Lobes –Parietal Lobes –Occipital Lobes –Temporal Lobes

1.Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures Cerebral Dominance and Language –Left hemisphere For 90% of the population the left is superior at producing concepts and language. Control the acts of speaking and writing and recent verbal memory. Production of speech sounds and listening ability. Verbal memories

1.Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures –Right hemisphere Processes information that is treated as a unified whole, such as the perceptionof faces and the other three-dimensional objects. Emotional memories

1.Learning Depends on Integration of Brain Structures Cerebral Specialization and Learning –The earlier and the more often both hemispheres are activated by use, the more dendrite connections form, extend across the corpus callosum, and myelin. –Myelin is a fatty white sheath that instulates each neuron and facilitates fast, smooth processing. –The more myelin, the faster the processing between both hemispheres and the rest of the brain. –Tiger Wood’s example (pg. 12) –The sooner children learn to coordinate the left-to-right movement of their eyes to follow the the words on a page while listening to stories and attempt to write their names, the earlier they while learn to read.

2.Neural Development is Continuous Human beings have unlimited potential for learning that continues through old age. Neurons –The functioning core of the brain and the entire central nervous system. –Each neuron has one axon and as many as 100,000 dendrites. –Dendrites receive electrical impulses from other neuron and transmit them along a long fiber called an axon.

2.Neural Development is Continuous (Cont.) Dendrites are the main way by which neurons get information (learn). Dendrites receive electrical impulses from other neurons and transmit them along a long fiber called an axon. In the synaptic gap, and electrical signal is briefly transmitted into a chemical called a neurotransmitter. –Dopamine and serotonin

2.Neural Development is Continuous (Cont.) Anotomical and Physiological Symmetries –Flexible at birth until the first few years of life –In the first two years of life, if the left hemisphere is tramatized, the functional language ability is reestablished in the right hemisphere.

3. Perception forms the brain’s structure Perception Defined – How our brains perceive, receive, and interpret information impacts how the assemblies of neurons organize and connect to build our brains. Developing a Category System Perception and Expectation Visual Expectation

4. Sensory Experience Builds Our Brain Nerve networks are made up of our unique sensory experiences lay down intricate patterns and maps that govern how an individual’s brain develops and functions. The richer our sensory environment and the more opportunity individuals have to explore and become actively involved with it, the more intricate the patterns for learning, thought, and creativity become. The latest infant research reveals that the breain is profoundly flexible, sensitie, and plastic and deeply dependent on and influenced by events in the environment.

5. The Brain is Organized into Functional Systems Mental tasks are performed not by a single area of the brain but by the operation of many functional units, each of which is located in a specific part of the brain. Luria – Three functional units for each brain activity Unit I Unit II Unit III

6.The Brain is a Pattern Synthesizer The brain’s neural network categorizes stimuli into groups that form patterns and responds to patterns that have been established by past experiences.

7. Neural Plasticity of the Brain Neural plasticity allows the brain to constantly learn and relearn.