General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake 1.7 Prefixes and Equalities Chapter 1 Chemistry and Measurements © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Lectures

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 2 Prefixes A prefix  in front of a unit increases or decreases the size of that unit.  makes units larger or smaller than the initial unit by one or more factors of 10.  indicates a numerical value.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 3 Metric and SI Prefixes Prefixes that increase the size of the unit:

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 4 Metric and SI Prefixes Prefixes that decrease the size of the unit:

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 5 Daily Values for Selected Nutrients

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 6 Indicate the unit that matches the description. 1. a mass that is 1000 times greater than 1 gram A. kilogramB. milligramC. megagram 2. a length that is 1/100 of 1 meter A. decimeterB. centimeterC. millimeter 3. a unit of time that is 1/1000 of a second A. nanosecond B. microsecondC. millisecond Learning Check

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 7 Indicate the unit that matches the description. 1. a mass that is 1000 times greater than 1 gram A. kilogram 2. a length that is 1/100 of 1 meter B. centimeter 3. a unit of time that is 1/1000 of a second C. millisecond Solution

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 8 Select the unit you would use to measure 1. your height. A. millimetersB. metersC. kilometers 2. your mass. A. milligramsB. gramsC. kilograms 3. the distance between two cities. A. millimetersB. metersC. kilometers 4. the width of an artery. A. millimetersB. metersC. kilometers Learning Check

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 9 Select the unit you would use to measure 1. your height. B. meters 2. your mass. C. kilograms 3. the distance between two cities. C. kilometers 4. the width of an artery. A. millimeters Solution

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 10 An equality  states the same measurement in two different units.  can be written using the relationships between two metric units. Example: 1 meter is the same as 100 cm and 1000 mm. Metric Equalities

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 11 Measuring Length The metric length of 1 meter is the same length as 10 dm, 100 cm, and 1000 mm. Q How many millimeters (mm) are in 1 centimeter (cm)?

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 12 Measuring Volume

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 13 Measuring Mass  Several equalities can be written for mass in the metric (SI) system.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 14 Indicate the unit that completes each of the following equalities m = A. 1 mm B. 1 kmC. 1 dm g = A. 1 mgB. 1 kgC. 1 dg s = A. 1 msB. 1 csC. 1 ds m = A. 1 mm B. 1 cmC. 1 dm Learning Check

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 15 Indicate the unit that completes each of the following equalities m = B. 1 km g = A. 1 mg s = C. 1 ds m = B. 1 cm Solution

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 16 Complete each of the following equalities kg = A. 10 gB. 100 g C g 2. 1 mm =A mB m C. 0.1 m Learning Check

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1, Section 7 17 Complete each of the following equalities kg = C g 2. 1 mm =A m Solution