Pertemuan 16 Materi : Buku Wajib & Sumber Materi : Understanding Knowledge Management Concept and Application Buku Wajib & Sumber Materi : Turban, Efraim, R. Kelly Rainer and Richard E. Potter (2003). Introduction to Information Technology. Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Bab 11

DSS Sensitivity Analysis What-if Analysis Goal-seeking Analysis the study of the effect that changes in one or more parts of a model have on other parts of the model What-if Analysis checks the impact of a change in the assumptions or other input data on the proposed solution Goal-seeking Analysis find the value of the inputs necessary to achieve a desired level of output

DSS Components and Structure of DSS Data Management User Interface Includes the database(s) containing relevant data for the decision situation User Interface Enables the users to communicate with and command the DSS Model Management Includes software with financial, statistical, management science, or other quantitative models Knowledge Management Provides knowledge for solution of the problem; supports any of the other subsystems or act as an independent component

DSS

Enterprise Decision Support Executive Information Systems Meet information needs of executives Very limited time Need to monitor and identify problematic trends Need external as well as internal information Rapid access to data needed to executives Very easy user interface Highly graphical Often connected with online information services Incorporates email

Enterprise Decision Support Executive Information Systems Capabilities of EIS Drill down Critical success factors and key performance indicators Status access Trend analysis Ad hoc analysis Exception reporting Intelligent EIS Integration with DSS; web accessibility

Enterprise Decision Support Group Decision Support Systems Facilitate solution of semistructured and unstructured decisions by a group of decision makers Help the group be productive by mitigating some negative group behaviors Support the group’s process by encouraging idea generation, improving communication, and applying analytical tools as needed to the problem

Enterprise Decision Support GDSS Implementations Face-to-face meetings – special ‘decision room’ created with linked computers and GDSS software; use is facilitated by trained leader Corporate ‘war room’ – information displayed graphically and analyses conducted for all to see Support for virtual teams – collaborative team tools for geographically dispersed teams; support discussion, calendars, polling, etc.

What can we do with the stored data? Data mining – intelligent search of data stored in data marts or warehouses Find predictive information Discover unknown patterns End users perform mining tasks with very powerful tools Mining tools apply advanced computing techniques (learning, intelligence)

Data Mining and Analysis Concerns Ethical Issues Valuable data-mined information may violate individual privacy Who is accountable for incorrect decisions that are based on DSS? Human judgment is fallible Job loss due to automated decision making? Legal Issues Discrimination based on data mining results Data security from external snooping or sabotage Data ownership of personal data

Data Visualization Analyzed data can be even more useful if presented using Data Visualization techniques Visual Interactive Modeling – graphic display of decision consequences Visual Interactive Simulation – simulation model is animated and can be viewed and modified by decision maker Geographic Information Systems – display data related to geographic location using digitized maps

What is Knowledge Management? Key Concepts Knowledge assets - regarding markets, products, technologies, and organizations that a business owns or needs to own Best practices - collection of the most successful solutions and/or case studies Intellectual capital - collection of knowledge amassed by an organization over the years Knowledge system - collects knowledge, stores it in a database, maintains the database, and disseminates the knowledge to users Competitive intelligence - collection of competitive information

IT Support for Knowledge Management Knowledge identification – what is important? Knowledge discovery and analysis – finding and organizing knowledge Knowledge acquisition – going and getting needed knowledge by asking or promoting idea generation Establishment of organizational knowledge bases – storing and organization corporate knowledge Knowledge distribution and use – ensuring that those who need knowledge can access it

Implementing Knowledge Management Reorganize as knowledge-based organizations Created a new position, chief knowledge officer (CKO) creating knowledge management infrastructure building a knowledge culture making it pay off Facilitate organizational learning learn from their experiences in order to survive

Promoting Idea Generation Key source of knowledge is creative idea generation by individuals or groups Software tools (GDSS) can promote productive idea generation for groups Software tools also available for individuals to help stimulate creative production of ideas