SAMUEL SLATER – Englishman who brings the secrets of textile mills to America from England in

SLATER TEXTILE MILL

TEXTILE MILL

a spinning jenny could spin several threads at once. it allowed a worker to produce a great deal more cloth in a day than was possible before. 331

Large machines had to be housed near rivers. Water flowing downstream turned a wheel that produced the power to run the machines

England made it illegal for textile workers to leave their country with their knowledge of how machines worked

TEXTILE MILL

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION – factory machines replace hand tools, and large scale manufacturing replaces farming as main form of work 3 330

FACTORY SYSTEM – brings many workers and machines together to work under one roof

Many of the first factories were placed in the New England region for two reasons: 1) Fast moving rivers to supply water for factories 5

2) Large supply of people willing to work in the factories 5

Most factories after 1830 are powered by steam instead of by rivers 6

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS – making an item out of parts that are identical and can be mass produced – introduced by Eli Whitney 7

ELI WHITNEY

Interchangeable parts had 3 major advantages: 8 1) Sped up production, items could be mass produced

2) Repairs are easier on items, can replace one part 3) Allowed the use of more unskilled labor for lower salary 8

9 Small wooden houses that were clean, neat, and carpeted

10 1) Mill owners could pay women and children half of what they paid men. 2) Children could squeeze around large machines to change spindles

11 Urbanization is the movement from farms to cities

12 1)Cities grew largerand more crowded 2)They grew filthier and more disease-ridden 3)Cities also had attractions such as theaters, museum and circuses

12 1)23 In the early 1800s power looms transformed the textile industry and provided new job opportunities for — A young women B African American men C Italian immigrants D Native Americans