کشت نمونه های مختلف و آنتی بیوگرام

Interpreting Microbiology Reports The first step in performing cultures is to do a Gram stain of the collected sample (not for blood/urine - that is cultured first, then stained).    Gram staining results few WBCs, no organisms seen. many WBCs, many Gram positive cocci in clusters", or something like that

Interpreting Microbiology Reports Step 2: Identification: Chemical tests to identify bacteria Next the bacteria are cultured and put through biochemical tests to determine their identification.  This takes a while longer than the Gram stain

Interpreting Microbiology Reports Step 3: Susceptibilities :Finally the bacteria are tested for their susceptibility to various antibiotics.  Once this data is known, we can transition from empiric to definitive therapy if the team has decided that an infection is indeed present.   The lab sometimes tests bacteria against many different antibiotics that we would never actually use - ignore them.

Urine culture

Urine culture

Different culture methods

Streak culture

Female genital system infections

Vaginal secretion culture

Bacterial vaginosis

Clue cell

Blood culture

Blood culture

Tissue culture

CSF culture

catheter

Susceptibility testing (disk diffusion) Muller Hinton agar Bacterial inoculums concentration( %5 Mc Farland) Antibiotic disks Pens swap

Disk diffusion

Quality control of susceptibility testing (Kirby-Bauer ) Antibiotic Disk potency (by control organisms) Mueller –Hinton Agar depth (4 mm) pH (6.8-7.2) Instrument failure Inoculums concentration (0.5 Mac farland) Temperature (35-37 C) Moisture

MIC determination

Microdilution

Agar dilution

E test

Gradiant