The Bubonic Plague & The Hundred Years’ War

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Presentation transcript:

The Bubonic Plague & The Hundred Years’ War ‹#› 1 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

The Hundred Years’ War England & France on & off from 1337-1453 Last Capetian king of France dies w/out heir. Edward III of England claims throne of France as he was grandson of Philip IV. French win & drive English out of France ‹#› 2 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Important Battles in the Hundred Years’ War The Battle of Crecy August 26, 1346 Knights fought alongside common archers & foot- soldiers Cannons – technology borrowed from China – destroy castle walls English outnumbered 3 to 1 English longbow men win battle w/ability to attack French at long distances ‹#› 3 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Important Battles in the Hundred Years’ War Battle of Poitiers (Sept. 9, 1356) French knights (advantage) charge English troops English longbow men again save day French king John & son Philip captured & held for ransom. ‹#› 4 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Important Battles in the Hundred Years’ War Battle of Agincourt 1415 English outnumbered English led by King Henry V Longbow men again save day - ending age of Chivalrous knights Treaty gives Henry French throne Shakespeare’s Henry V ‹#› ‹#› 5 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

France’s Savior Joan of Arc 1429, French peasant girl Moved by God to save France from England Her victories restores throne to rightful heir - Charles VII - rather than Henry V of England Joan asks Charles to let her lead army into battle at English fort near Orleans. ‹#› 6 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Joan of Arc Battle of Orleans (1430) Late 1430… Siege lasts 6 mos. Joan victorious Joan goes w/ Charles VII to his crowning Late 1430… Joan captured by English allies Turned over to Church authorities – condemned as witch & heretic. Burned at stake - May 30, 1431 ‹#› 7 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Impact of the Hundred Years’ War 1.Power & prestige for French Monarch 2.Nationalism 3.English suffered internal turmoil - War of the Roses 4.English Parliament gained “Power of the Purse” 5.End of 100 Years’ War = End of Middle Ages (1:50) ‹#› ‹#› 8 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Essential Knowledge 205. What 2 countries fought in the Hundred Years’ War? 206. What did both countries experience as a result of the War? 207. Who replaced the knights as the significant warriors in the Hundred Years’ War? 208. What woman is credited with turning the war in France’s favor? ‹#› 9 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

War of the Roses Civil war in England 1455-1487 2 noble families fight for control of throne: House of Lancaster & House of York War named for both families’ badges = contained roses. House of Lancaster House of York ‹#› ‹#› 10 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

War of the Roses Origins Both descendants of King Edward III Current Lancastrian king - Henry VI – surrounded by unpopular nobles Displayed moments of mental illness Civil unrest rampant among population Powerful lords had own armies ‹#› 11 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

War of the Roses Back & forth battles end w/ destruction of York factions. Both houses lose control of throne Henry VII (Tudor) crowned king after defeating last York army ‹#› 12 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

The Bubonic Plague aka – The Black Death Occurred in 1300’s Kills over 1/3 of Europe’s population ‹#› 13 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Origins & Symptoms Likely began in Asia Spread - trade routes 1st in Italy - cargo ship arrives carrying diseased passengers Purplish/black spots found on skin People looked for others to blame persecuted Jews for bringing disease Only ¼ of those who caught disease would recover ‹#› 14 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Effects of the Plague DECLINED: 1.Population 2.Trade 3.Manorial System 4.Church Prestige 5.Personal Responsibility. ‹#› 16 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Effects of the Plague 6. Demand for Workers - Serfs demand higher wages Rebellions from serfs France– 1358 Jacquerie Rebellion During 100 Years War England – 1381 Peasants Revolt http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacquerie

Essential Knowledge 209. What English Civil war was fought between the Houses of Lancaster & York? 210. What other name was given to the Bubonic Plague? 211. What fraction of Europe’s population was killed because of the Plague? 212. What 5 elements declined because of the plague? ‹#› 17 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

Black Death (15:16) ‹#› 18 ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#› ‹#›

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