SISTEM MANAJEMEN LOGISTIK & PRODUKSI ISG3E3 Program Studi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Rekayasa Industri Telkom University

PENGANTAR LOGISTIK Konsep dan Ruang Lingkup Logistik

TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN Standar Kompetensi: Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan konsep dan ruang lingkup logistik Kompetensi Dasar: Menjelaskan konsep dan ruang lingkup logistik. Obyektif Sistem Logistik Definisi Logistik Aliran Logistik Trade off Logistik dan Marketing Komponen Manajemen Logistik Lingkungan Global Logistik

4 LOGISTICS SYSTEM F L O W O F G O O D S F L O W O F I N F O R M A T I O N S CUSTOMERSUPPLIERMANUFACTURINGPROCUREMENT PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION

5 D E F I N I T I O N [1] Logistics management is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from the point-of-origin to the point-of- consumption in order to meet customers' requirements. ( Council of Logistics Management (CLM), 1986 ).

6 D E F I N I T I O N Logistics management has many names, including:  Supply chain management  Logistical management  Quick-response systems  Industrial logistics  Physical distribution  Distribution  Material management  Channel management  Logistics  Business logistics

7 FLOW OF LOGISTICS SUPPLIERCARRIER MANUFACTURERCARRIERDISTRIBUTOR CUSTOMERCARRIER

8 Manufacture & raw materials Export/import activities Primary movement Distribution centers Secondary movement B2B & B2C distribution After-sales services Integrated IT Systems Integrated Solutions and Services Integrated Management E- commerce Fulfilment Global Freight Manageme nt Solutions Design Supply Chain Integrator W.housing & Distrbtion Home Delivery Transport Solutions Value Added Services TYPE OF LOGISTICS BUSINESS Online Logistics Company Freight Forwarding Logistics Consulting 3PL Operator Industrial Estate (Base) Courier Trucking Company Service- Based Company Type Of Company Type Of Services Backbone Support

9 COST TRADE-OFFS IN MARKETING AND LOGISTICS Product Price Promotion Place M A R K E T I N G Transportation Costs Warehousing Costs Order Processing & Information Costs Lot Quantity Costs Inventory Carrying Costs L O G I S T I C S Place / Customer Service Level

10 COMPONENTS OF LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT SuppliersCustomers Raw materials In-process inventory Finished goods Logistics Management Inputs into Logistics Natural Resources Human Resources Finansial Resources Information Resources Outputs of Logistics Competitive Advantage Time & Place Utility Efficient Movement to Customer Proprietary Asset Planning ImplementationControl Management Actions 1. Customer Service Logistics Activities 2. Demand Forecasting 3. Inventory Management 4. Logistics Communications 5. Materials Handling 6. Order Processing 8. Parts & Service Support 9. Plant & Warehouse - Site Selection 10. Procurement 11. Reverse Logistics 12. Traffic & Transportation 13. Warehousing & Storage 7. Packaging

11 1. CUSTOMER SERVICE Customer service represents the output of the logistics system and the place component of the firm’s marketing mix. Five rights of a logistics system: 1.Right product 2.Right place 3.Right condition 4.Right cost 5.Right time The level of customer service determines not only whether existing customers will remain customers but also how many potential customers will become customers.

12 Demand forecasting involves determining the amount of product and accompanying service that customers will require at some point in the future. Forecasts of future demand determine promotional strategies, allocation of the sales force, pricing, and market research activities. Logistics management forecasts of demand determine how much of each item produced by the company must be transported to the various markets the firms serves. 2. DEMAND FORECASTING

13 3. INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Why hold inventory 1.Economies of scale 2.Balancing supply and demand 3.Specialization 4.Protection from uncertainties 5.A buffer throughout the supply chain. Inventory management involves trading off the level of inventory held to achieve high customer service level.

14... Business Information Ware- house Sales Force Auto- mation B2B Procurement Advanced Planner & Optimizer R/3 4. LOGISTICS COMMUNICATION Effective communication must take place among: 1.The organization, its suppliers, and its customers. 2.The major functions within organization. 3.The 13 various logistics activities. 4.The various aspects of each logistics activity. 5.Various members of the supply chain.

15 5. MATERIALS HANDLING The objectives of materials handling are to: 1. Eliminate handling wherever possible. 2.Minimize travel distance. 3.Minimize work-in-process. 4.Provide uniform flow free of bottlenecks. 5.Minimize losses from waste, breakage, spoilage, and theft.

16 6. ORDER PROCESSING A customer’s order triggers the logistics process and directs the actions to be taken in satisfying order demand. The components of order processing demand: 1.Operational elements. 2.Communications elements. 3.Credit and collection elements.

17 7. PACKAGING Packaging performs two basic functions: marketing and logistics. In a marketing sense, the package acts as a forms of promotion or advertising. In logistics, packaging serves a dual role: The package protects the product from damage while it is being stored or transported. Proper packaging can make it easier to store and move products, thereby reducing materials handling costs.

18 8. PARTS & SERVICE SUPPORT Logistics’ responsibility does not end when the product is delivered to the customer. Logistics must be concerned with many activities involved in the repair and servicing of products. This will require strategies and programs that are coordinated with other reverse logistics activities.

19 9. PLANT & WAREHOUSE SITE SELECTION The location of plants and warehouses (storage facilities) is extremely important. The strategic placement of plants and warehouses can assist firms in improving customer service level.

PROCUREMENT Procurement: the process of acquiring materials and services to ensure the operating effectiveness of firm’s manufacturing and logistics processes. The procurement function includes: The selection of supply sources locations. Determination of the form in which the material is to be acquired. Timing of purchases. Price determination. Quality control

REVERSE LOGISTICS The handling of return goods is part of the larger process referred to as reverse logistics. In many industries in which customers return products for: warranty repair, replacement, remanufacturing, or recycling, reverse logistics costs are high relative to forward logistics costs. Plant Distribution Dealer Plant Distribution Dealer Plant Distribution Dealer

TRAFFIC & TRANSPORTATION The traffic and transportation activity involves managing the movement of products and includes: Selecting the method of shipment, Complyng with various transportation regulations, and Being aware of both domestic and international shipping requirements.

WAREHOUSING & STORAGE Products must be stored at the plant or in the field for later sale and consumption unless customers need them the instant they are produced. Warehousing and storage activities involve the management of the space needed to hold or maintain inventories.

24 THE GLOBAL LOGISTICS ENVIRONMENT Logistics Executive Ware- housing & Storage Transport- ation Packaging Inventory Customer Service Other Activities Economic Compe- tition TechnologyGeography Social & Cultural Political & Legal