The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths Chapter 12, part A The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Fungi, Algae, Protozoa and Helminths Table 12.1

The Fungi Eukaryotic Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic Chemoheterotrophic Most are decomposers Mycology is the study of fungi Live as unicellular yeast and/or molds

Mycology: The Study of Fungi Table 12.2

Fungus

Molds Formed by filaments of hyphae. A mass of hyphae is mycelium. The fungal thallus is a body of hyphae. Maybe septate or aseptate Figure 12.2

Yeasts Unicellular fungi Budding yeasts divide asymmetrically May form short hyphae called pseudohyphae Figure 12.3

Dimorphism Pathogenic dimorphic fungi are yeastlike at 37°C and moldlike at 25°C Figure 12.4

Fungal Life Cycle Figure 12.7

Asexual spores Sporangiospores Enclosed in sporangium Sporangiophore Holds up the sporangium Chlamydospore - thickened Conidiospore (free not enclosed) Arthrospore - joint Blastoconidium - budding Figure 12.1

Conidiospores Figure 12.5

Sexual reproduction Plasmogamy Haploid donor cell nucleus (+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell (–) Karyogamy + and – nuclei fuse Meiosis Diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (sexual spores)

Sexual spores Zygospore Fusion of haploid cells produces one zygospore Figure 12.6

Sexual spores Ascospore Formed in a sac (ascus) Figure 12.7

Sexual spores Basidiospore Formed externally on a pedestal (basidium) Figure 12.8