Water Resources Management Conference on Exchange of Experiences in the field of Water Resources Management Water Resources Management In Cambodia Sok Khom Moscow, Russia 16-17 November 2015

CONTENT 1- Country Information 2- Hydrology 3- Potential of water resources 4- Water using 5- Legislation related to water resources management 6- Challenge of water resources management

1. Country information - Total area 181,035 km² Population 14.5 mill. 53.% female & 47% male Density 86 person/ km².

1.1 – Country information - Wet (May-October) - Dry (Nov-April) - Average Rainfall 1000-1400 mm/year - Rice is the most important crop - 85 % of total population are farmers. - Total Agriculture land 2,968,529 ha - Irrigated area 947, 134 ha. - Yield less than 3T/ha.

RIVER SYSTEM IN CAMBODIA I- Coastal Zone (8 rivers) 1 Prek Kampong Bay 3,018 km2 2 Prek Toek Sap 1,529 3 Prek Sre Ambel 2,653 4 Prek Andong Toek 2,460 5 Prek Trapang Rung 2,615 6 Prek Tatai 1,619 7 Prek Koh Pao 3,109 8 Stung Me Toek 1,043 II - Tonle Basac Zone (3rivers) 9 Stung Toan-han 1,765 10 Stung Slakou 2,485 11 Stung Prek Thnot 7,055 III - Tonle Sap Zone (16 rivers) 12 Stung Krang Ponley 3,033 13 Stung Baribour 3,003 14 Stung Bamnak 1,116 15 Stung Pursat 5,964 16 Stung Svay Don Keo 2,228 17 Stung Dauntry 1,468 18 Stung Sangker 6,052 19 Stung Mongkol Borey 5,264 20 stung Sisophon 5,593 21 Stung Sreng 9,931 22 Stung Siem Reap 3,619 23 Stung Chikreng 2,714 24 Stung Staung 4,357 25 Stung Sen 16,342 26 Stung Chinit 8,236 27 Boeng Tonle Sap 2,743 IV - NortheasternZone (8 rivers) 28 Tonle Se Kong 5,564 29 Tonle Se San 7,621 30 Tonle Srepok 12,780 31 Prek Preah 2,399 32 Prek Krieng 3,331 33 Prek Kampi 1,142 34 Prek Te 4,363 35 Prek Chhlong 5,599 V - Upper Mekong River (1 rivers) 36 Mekong Riverine 10,373 VI - Southeastern Zone (1 rivers) 37 Tonle Vaico 6,618 VII - Lower Mekong Delta (2 rivers) 38 Mekong Delta Cambodia 8,723 39 Mekong Tonle Sap flood plains 1,508 2. Map of Water Resources RIVER SYSTEM IN CAMBODIA 86% 14%

Total Amount of Water Resource 3. Water Use Unit: billion m³/s Total Amount of Water Resource 289.4 (100%) River Flow 128.5 (45%) Loss 160.9 (55%) Flow on Flood Season 103.8 (36%) Flow on Dry Season 24.7 (9%) Loss to Sea 120.6 (42%) River Flow Use 7.75 (3%) Ground Water Use 0.15 (0.05%) Total Use 7.9 (3%)

3.1 Water Use Potential of water use Water Resource Power (MW ) Irrigated Area (ha) Main Stream 5,000 734,000 Mekong Tributaries 3,000 253,000 Mekong Flooded Area - 179,000 Tonle Sap Tributaries 306 358,900 Outside Mekong Basin 2,000 142,000 Total 10,306 1,667,300

3.2 Water Use (Million m³ /Year) 2005 2015 2025 Domestic water use 235.9 372.8 659.8 Industrial water use 71.4 159.8 220.0 Agriculture water use 7,586.7 9,318.5 10,640.0 Total 7,894.0 9,851.1 11,519.8

4. Legislation related to water resources management Water resources management law (June 2007) National policy of water resource management (2004) Government Rectangular strategy II(2008) Rice export policy 4 Sub – degrees under water law - Farmer water User Community (2011) -Water allocation and licensing ( draft) -Water quality (draft) - River basin management ( 2015)

RIVER SYSTEM IN CAMBODIA I- Coastal Zone (8 rivers) 1 Prek Kampong Bay 3,018 km2 2 Prek Toek Sap 1,529 3 Prek Sre Ambel 2,653 4 Prek Andong Toek 2,460 5 Prek Trapang Rung 2,615 6 Prek Tatai 1,619 7 Prek Koh Pao 3,109 8 Stung Me Toek 1,043 II - Tonle Basac Zone (3rivers) 9 Stung Toan-han 1,765 10 Stung Slakou 2,485 11 Stung Prek Thnot 7,055 III - Tonle Sap Zone (16 rivers) 12 Stung Krang Ponley 3,033 13 Stung Baribour 3,003 14 Stung Bamnak 1,116 15 Stung Pursat 5,964 16 Stung Svay Don Keo 2,228 17 Stung Dauntry 1,468 18 Stung Sangker 6,052 19 Stung Mongkol Borey 5,264 20 stung Sisophon 5,593 21 Stung Sreng 9,931 22 Stung Siem Reap 3,619 23 Stung Chikreng 2,714 24 Stung Staung 4,357 25 Stung Sen 16,342 26 Stung Chinit 8,236 27 Boeng Tonle Sap 2,743 IV - NortheasternZone (8 rivers) 28 Tonle Se Kong 5,564 29 Tonle Se San 7,621 30 Tonle Srepok 12,780 31 Prek Preah 2,399 32 Prek Krieng 3,331 33 Prek Kampi 1,142 34 Prek Te 4,363 35 Prek Chhlong 5,599 V - Upper Mekong River (1 rivers) 36 Mekong Riverine 10,373 VI - Southeastern Zone (1 rivers) 37 Tonle Vaico 6,618 VII - Lower Mekong Delta (2 rivers) 38 Mekong Delta Cambodia 8,723 39 Mekong Tonle Sap flood plains 1,508 Map of clasification of RBM RIVER SYSTEM IN CAMBODIA

Structure of Farmer Water User Community Leader Vice leader FWUG 1 FWUG 4 FWUG 3 FWUG 2 Sub - FWUG (FWUC Committee) FWUC Chief First Vice Chief Second Vice Chief FWUC Accountant Were Established 112 are registering by MOWRAM

Concept and duty of FWUC and FWUG (Farmer Water Users Community) Manage irrigation area Functioning by statutes approved by MOWRAM Hold a general meeting Decision of water distribution plan Decision and collecting irrigation service fee FWUG (Farmer Water Users Group) Formulated by Village or canal union Manage branch canal area Coordinating between members of FWUG and community Implementing the work program of the Community Collecting irrigation service fee from the members according to the terms set by the Community.

5. Challenge of Water Resources Management Main Institutions involve with Water Resources MOWRAM MAFF MIME MRD MOPWAT MOE MOT MOH CNMC TSA

Challenge of Organizations Unclear and overlap the responsibilities and duty. Ex: Water supply: MIME, MRD, MOWRAM, WSA… Each agency has implemented its own policy and strategy. Lack of mechanism for coordination and collaboration between national, sub national and local levels. No linkage between sectors. Ex: Irrigation with Hydropower , Agriculture with irrigation and environment…). MOWRAM faces difficulties and does not have the possibility to collaborate and coordinate.

Challenge of Water Uses The competition often happen in the dry season. Farmer awareness on irrigation system is low Participatory of farmer in irrigation management and development not active Competition of Water and fish users .

Challenge of Water Uses Capability of farmer leader is low Water fee collection ratio is low In general, at the present time there is a little competition between difference sectors and various users, but water resources development level in the future will be increased .

CΠACИБΟ THANKS No water - No Food