PROTESTANT ENGLAND AND ITS GROWING EMPIRE The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther John Calvin Henry VIII Queen Elizabeth Roanoke Island
The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther: 1517 and the 95 theses Martin Luther: 1517 and the 95 theses –Protested Catholic corruption, wealth, power –Translated Bible into German –God’s grace, not Priest, path to salvation. John Calvin: Geneva John Calvin: Geneva –Predestination, the “Elect.” Protestant Ethic Protestant Ethic –Individualistic, democratic –Hard Work, Thrift, Temperance –Max Weber:Prot. Ethic and Spirit of Capitalism
Martin Luther
Wittenberg Church: 1517
Protestant England Expands Henry VIII: divorces Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII: divorces Catherine of Aragon Starts Church of England: 1534 Starts Church of England: 1534 –Protestant w/ many Catholic ceremonies –Puritans / Separatist want pure Protestantism Queen Elizabeth: Head of Church Queen Elizabeth: Head of Church –Sir Francis Drake, “The Sea Dog” –Wins war with Spanish Armada (1588) –England tries to take over Ireland
Henry VIII: 1534
Elizabeth I:
England and the New World John Cabot explores Newfoundland 1497 John Cabot explores Newfoundland 1497 –Sebastian Cabot: Hudson Bay 1508 England claims North America England claims North America –Elizabeth avoids American colonization Push/Pull from England : pop Push/Pull from England : pop –explosion, city poverty, primogenitor, religious freedom, land, escape troubles, new life Propaganda: Richard Hakluyt: get rich Propaganda: Richard Hakluyt: get rich Roanoke Island: Sir Walter Raleigh Roanoke Island: Sir Walter Raleigh –First colony fails –Second colony vanishes 1590
Roanoke Island: South Carolina
Roanoke Mystery: