Europe’s Africa The Europeans divided Africa into colonies The Europeans did not divide Africa along ethnic boundaries

AFRICA Many countries have many different cultures and languages African ethnic groups fight each other for control of their countries Most African countries became independent in the 1950’s and 1960’s

G E N O C I D E the deliberate extermination of a national, ethnic, or cultural group. Since many ethnic groups fight each other for power, they sometimes commit genocide

Examples CountryKilled… Nazi GermanyJews, Communists, Gypsies TurkeyArmenians RwandaTutsi SudanDarfuris LiberiaSierra Leonis Bosnia-HerzegovinaMuslims

Main Cultures of Africa The Sahara Desert separates the Arabs from the Bantu Afrikaaners are descendants of European settlers in Southern Africa

Sudan was a British Colony Sudan had an Arabic Muslim north and a Bantu Christian south This led to fighting between the two cultures

Following 2 civil wars Sudan split into 2 separate countries in 2011 Sudan is Muslim and South Sudan is Christian

SOUTH AFRICA In 1652 the Dutch founded the colony on Cape of Good Hope European settlers pushed native Africans out of the south west corner of Africa

Afrikaaners European settlers eventually saw themselves as Afrikaaners (dutch word for ‘African’) Afrikaaners speak Africaans- which is a dialect of Dutch

SOUTH AFRICA Once gold and diamonds were discovered the British fought 2 wars against farmers called Boers After British won, power went from the Afrikaaners to the British non-whites had no power or control in South Africa

APARTHIED Forced separation of white and non-white people in South Africa from Whites were better educated, got better lands, and received better social services Whites made up about 25% of the South African population but controlled everything Resulted in violence between whites and non-whites

APARTHIED

SOUTH AFRICA Apartheid ended in 1994 Nelson Mandela, who was put in jail for protesting, became president of a united South Africa