Week 1 Lecture 1 Oracle Architecture Overview

Learning Objectives Learn about Oracle9i architecture and key Oracle9i software components Discover differences between Oracle9i client and server installation options Examine how to use OFA (Optimal Flexible Architecture)

Oracle9i Architecture : Key Components The core Oracle9i RDBMS software includes a suite of over 200 components. Key components are: Oracle9i database & Oracle Net Java/Web components Oracle Enterprise Manager & Mgt. Packs SQL*Plus Utilities, Precompilers, and add-ons

Oracle9i Architecture : Running the Database The Oracle9i database server has 3 parts: Database: data files, control files, and redo log files Software: database executable files Instance: background processes and memory

Oracle9i Architecture : A Typical Server

Oracle9i Architecture : Server Configurations Single- instance Multiple- instance Clustered Number of computers 11Many Number of databases 121 (on a file server) Number of instances 11 per database 1 per computer Number of database software sets 11 (or more)1 per computer

Oracle9i Architecture : Optional Additions Some important optional additions are: Oracle Data Mining: queries on data warehouses Oracle Advanced Security: industry standard security encryption and password validation Enterprise Manager packs: additions for tuning, change management, and diagnostics

Oracle9i Installation Options: N-tier

Oracle9i Installation Options: Server-side Choose from: Enterprise Edition: best for many users and high-volume data Standard Edition: best for small groups of users, smaller volume data Personal Edition: best for individual use

Oracle9i Installation Options: Client-side Choose from: Administrator: provides Enterprise Manager and other tools for remote database administration Runtime: provides connectivity from local applications to a remote database

Oracle Universal Installer The user-friendly installation tool: Installs any Oracle tool available to you Capable of managing two releases of Oracle products on the same computer using Oracle Home Able to run installations without human intervention with the Silent Install option

Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) Set of standards for directory structure and file names. Advantages include: Spreading I/O across devices to reduce bottlenecks Separating products into distinct directories and/or devices to improve performance Providing standard names for file types to speed up administrative tasks

OFA: Directory Structure Standards ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME define the root directory structures

OFA: File Naming Standards Patterns for naming files are: Control files: controlNN.ctl (example: control01.ctl) Redo log files: redoNN.log (example: redo03.log) Data files: XXXXNN.dbf (example: SYSTEM01.dbf) NN = sequential numbers starting with 01. XXXX = name of the tablespace

Lecture Summary Oracle9i RDBMS software contains many basic components and even more optional add-ons The database server contains the software, the database files, and the instance (made up of memory allocation and background processes) Oracle Enterprise Edition is the most robust of the three installation options for the server

Lecture Summary Multi-tier architecture provides greater flexibility and independence of software components Oracle Universal Installer features an Oracle Home selector and Silent Install option Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) defines standards for directory structure and file names