Workshop on Legislative XML Kobaek Strand, Denmark Wednesday, September 23., 2004

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 The use of SGML and XML at the EU Publication Office Holger Bagola, EU

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 basis Metaddat are somposed of different levels: concerning Publication Number, date, printer Document pagination, language, Content main part, Annex Secondary languages: publication in force for the new member states

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 difficult start with XML successfull ues of XML powerfull posiibilities of re-use of XML instances

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 Metadata in NIR Fabio Vitali University of Bologna ( dirty rhetorics)

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 Metadata support has always been present in NIR aotomatic: completely performed by the machine semi-automatic performed by the machine but still requires a human for final verification an approval manual: any task that needs to be decided upon and performed by a thinking human even though the machine can provide the support to help him and easy the task istelf

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 objective: no reasonable discussion can exist subjective: requires an active interpretation fraom a human explicit: is actually written in the text implicit: can be deduced low competence: nonspecialized employee high competence: may be expected from overspecialized jurists editorial intervention: by the publisher of a document authorial intervention: by the author of a document

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 objective: no reasonable discussion can exist subjective: requires an active interpretation fraom a human explicit: is actually written in the text implicit: can be deduced low competence: nonspecialized employee high competence: may be expected from overspecialized jurists editorial intervention: by the publisher of a document authorial intervention: by the author of a document

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 data structure rather than application rigorous distinction of roles: author, legislator, editor (can only clean up metainformations) complexity of the access to texts different sources – differente authorities support for description and prescription tagging of existing texs can only be descriptive but another situation for producing texts support for legal drafting can be provided, suggesting or enforcing legal drafting rules in the writing

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 celan separation between objective data and subjective interpretation documentalistic specific support for multiple interpretations must be allowed (Kotsch-Thema)

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 basix structures: containers (Documents, Parts, articles, all numbered) text containers (clauses, comma, list elements) inline Elements (bold, italics, HTML, CSS styles) Metadata: information about the document and the normative content of the document support for irregular texts different DTDs: strict rules (prescriptive) loose rules (descriptive) light rules (support for most common cases)

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 the needs for metadata (for the editor,who cannot change the texst itself): Metadata represent the only chance for putting information that was not explicitly weitten by the legislator all possible types of additional information beyond those provided in the text need to fin d a place here uses: archival, analysis, annotations official classifcation of metadata: a startin g point is provided by NISO US national Information standard organization in the guide „Understanding metadata“ 2004

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 but: the distinction between descriptive, structural and administrative metadata cannot find any concrete basis on the real practice Metadata happens at many different levels produced more by the editor than by the author not at eRecht: at the beginning reduce the role of the editor outside of the document, two different documents!!! in an specific section inside the document different positions near by the refereed texts!!!!!!!

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 automatical conversion of the m etadata from one position to another (outsinde, inside at the beginning, different places) 7 types norm # document refelective Information: doc knows about itself, refers to the doc, not ist content positioning information. doc knows about the norm lifecicle information: special moments in the history of the doc editorial notes: etditor adds it Iter-connected texts: history before approval proprietary extensions provisions

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 refelective Information: positioning information: doc knows about the norm keywords objective data ???? lifecicle information: special moments in the history of the doc time, changes, efficiacy, power it makes sense to create a secondary structure where all relevant moments and documents can be matched editorial notes: etditor adds it Iter-connected texts: history before approval proprietary extensions provisions

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 editorial notes: etditor adds it Iter-connected texts: history before approval proprietary extensions an open ended text provisions justifications: forword, pramble: considcered, consulted based on a proposal, considering analytical provisions (list of taxanomies) modification, other terms Metadata are still under heavy evolution

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 Metadata specific for provisions Carlo Biagioli Italian National Resaerch Council

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 Provisions is the meaning of the Paragraph rules and amendments provision rules preliminara y rules concerning the act constitutive rules: indroducing entities and roles regulative rules: disciplining actions and their effects provisions amendments – aspects of the normes. text, meaning, time, extension functional title thematic title

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 each provision has function deep structure own components named arguments manual notation multiple notation title of the paragraphs are the most ancient metadata of the law visualization of norms indirec t explicit answers through references

Workshop on Legislative XML, Kobaek Strand September 2004 deontic inferences of norms throgh logic relations among rules (provisions) Subject a obligation related to another subject b content analysis: adding duties of persons deep structure through graphic instrument based on metadata provisions and arguments ergänzt den Text um zusätzliche Informtionen über die semantische Tiefenstruktur des Textes many relationships between provisions

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