Human Dimensions of Urban Ecology Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social.

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Presentation transcript:

Human Dimensions of Urban Ecology Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources

Urban Ecology biophysical complexity psychosocial complexity EarthCorps

What Are “Human Dimensions?” social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values community economics planning, policy & decision making stakeholder(s) values user(s) conflicts cultural/environmental justice perceptions, values & attitudes social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values community economics planning, policy & decision making stakeholder(s) values user(s) conflicts cultural/environmental justice perceptions, values & attitudes

Social Science Disciplines psychology social psychology sociology economics political science anthropology geography psychology social psychology sociology economics political science anthropology geography

Why is this Important? urban sustainability understand ecosystems functions & benefits for society comprehensive systems, not site-by-site implementation & commitment urban sustainability understand ecosystems functions & benefits for society comprehensive systems, not site-by-site implementation & commitment

model of person/ecosystem interaction “native nature” “constructed nature” “active experience” eco-origin human experience “passive experience”

Eco-Origin native nature to constructed nature Pierce County, Chambers Creek Properties

urban forests? PNW lowland forests

urban forests

Central WA U plaza

REI retail, Seattle

Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties

Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties - 4 year growth

stormwater management Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

verticalforeststructure

roofs & structures

City of Chicago, City Hall roof gardens/ecosystems City of Chicago, City Hall roof gardens/ecosystems

Nashville, mixed use bldg roof gardens/ecosystems Nashville, mixed use bldg roof gardens/ecosystems

High Line Railway - W Manhattan

HighLine

Friends of the High Line

model of person/ecosystem interaction “native nature” “constructed nature” “active experience” eco-origin human experience “passive experience”

Human Experience passive to active “civic ecology” Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

passive experiences of urban nature

community gardens Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

Psychological Benefits of Nearby Nature Higher job satisfaction, reduced absenteeism (R. Kaplan) Lower crime rates in well landscaped areas (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced violence and more constructive conflict resolution in domestic conflict (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced ADHD symptoms in children (Faber Taylor, Kuo) Higher job satisfaction, reduced absenteeism (R. Kaplan) Lower crime rates in well landscaped areas (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced violence and more constructive conflict resolution in domestic conflict (Kuo, Sullivan) Reduced ADHD symptoms in children (Faber Taylor, Kuo)

recreational tree climbing - Japan

nearby nature for all 20

Health & Well Being Improved surgery and illness recovery (Ulrich) Stress reduction in urban lifestyles (Ulrich) Reduced driving stress response & frustration (Parsons et al., Nasar) Improved community walkability, lower BMI (UW Urban Eco, Naderi et al.) Improved surgery and illness recovery (Ulrich) Stress reduction in urban lifestyles (Ulrich) Reduced driving stress response & frustration (Parsons et al., Nasar) Improved community walkability, lower BMI (UW Urban Eco, Naderi et al.)

Physical Activity & Obesity Nature and Walkable Places majority of Americans not active enough goal-30 minutes per day of moderate activity risk factor for chronic diseases (heart, stroke, cancer, diabetes) significant costs to national health services majority of Americans not active enough goal-30 minutes per day of moderate activity risk factor for chronic diseases (heart, stroke, cancer, diabetes) significant costs to national health services ,000 deaths per year $100 annual billion medical costs (1995) 9.4% of all U.S. medical costs ,000 deaths per year $100 annual billion medical costs (1995) 9.4% of all U.S. medical costs

Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults 2004 No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25% (*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) Doubling of adult obesity rate since

parks, open spaces & trails

eco-restoration volunteers/employees - eco-literacy physical activity physical activity eco-restoration volunteers/employees - eco-literacy physical activity physical activity EarthCorps

nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

first phase - reading circle Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

school asphalt recovery Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore planning skills & efficacy

community gardens - renewal

“3rd place” & social cohesion

natural & social capital

active native constructed eco-origin human experience passive Why is this important? individuals nature & human functioning public health & welfare transferable knowledge & skills, youth engaged in sustainability nature & human functioning public health & welfare transferable knowledge & skills, youth engaged in sustainability

active native constructed eco-origin human experience passive Why is this important? communities vibrant, livable cities & towns environmental services human services across communities democracy & security through civic engagement vibrant, livable cities & towns environmental services human services across communities democracy & security through civic engagement Wangari Maathai 2004 Nobel Peace Prize