Skull video 8E914B07DED08
The Vertebral Column 24 single vertebral bones separated by intervertebral discs 7 cervical vertebrae in neck 12 thoracic vertebrae in chest region 5 lumbar vertebrae in lower back
The Vertebral Column 9 vertebrae fuse to form 2 composite bones Sacrum Coccyx
Intervertebral Discs Pads of flexible fibrocartilage What happens as you age?
The Vertebral Column
Primary curvatures of the thoracic and sacral regions Present from birth Secondary curvatures of the cervical and lumbar regions Develop after birth
The Vertebral Column
A Typical Vertebrae, Superior View
Atlas (C1) has no body Large depressions for skull to rest on “YES”
Axis (C2) as pivot to rotate axis Upright process called Dens “NO”
C3-C7 Small Light Anteater
T1-T12 Ribs Body shaped like heat Giraffe
L1-L5 Bodies big and block like Sturdy Moose
Vertebral Column What is the major function of the vertebral column?
Vertebral Column Protection of spinal cord Attachment of muscles (pelvic, pectoral girdles) Balance body weight when walking and standing
The Bony Thorax Consists of three parts Sternum Ribs True ribs (pairs 1–7) False ribs (pairs 8–12) Floating ribs (pairs 11–12) Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)
The Appendicular Skeleton
Pectoral Girdle (Shoulder) Clavicle—collarbone Scapula—shoulder blade Allow for exceptional free movement
Pectoral Girdle (Shoulder)
Upper Limbs Humerus Forms the arm Single bone
Upper Limbs Forearm (2 bones) Ulna Radius
Hands Carpals (wrist) Metacarpals (palm) Phalanges (fingers)
Bones of the Pelvic Girdle Formed by two coxal (ossa coxae) bones Composed of three pairs of fused bones Ilium Ischium Pubis Total weight of body rests here
Bones of the Pelvic Girdle
Gender differences