Mozart’s Early Life Born Salzburg, January 27, 1756 Born Salzburg, January 27, 1756 Father: Leopold - violinist and composer Father: Leopold - violinist and composer Sister: Maria Anna “Nannerl” - keyboard Sister: Maria Anna “Nannerl” - keyboard By age 4 - playing short pieces on the piano By age 4 - playing short pieces on the piano By age 5-6 composing By age 5-6 composing Talent exploited by father Talent exploited by father traveled to all important cultural centers of Europe traveled to all important cultural centers of Europe Played and improvised everywhere Played and improvised everywhere

Mozart’s Early Life Traveled to England and Netherlands Traveled to England and Netherlands In 1766 returned to Salzburg In 1766 returned to Salzburg The years were spent between Salzburg, Vienna and Italy The years were spent between Salzburg, Vienna and Italy

His Early Adult Years By age 20 - one of the most skilled composers of the day By age 20 - one of the most skilled composers of the day He had composed symphonies, concertos, piano pieces, serenades, arias, operas etc. He had composed symphonies, concertos, piano pieces, serenades, arias, operas etc. Between he traveled with his mother looking for a job Between he traveled with his mother looking for a job The important cities were not friendly The important cities were not friendly He composed little, was rejected by his first love (Aloysia Weber), and his mother became ill and died while in Paris He composed little, was rejected by his first love (Aloysia Weber), and his mother became ill and died while in Paris

His Early Adult Years In 1779 he returned to Salzburg but was under- appreciated in his hometown In 1779 he returned to Salzburg but was under- appreciated in his hometown He was ill treated by his employer’ the Prince- Archbishop of Salzburg He was ill treated by his employer’ the Prince- Archbishop of Salzburg In 1781 Mozart tried to resign after a heated exchange and was thrown into the street In 1781 Mozart tried to resign after a heated exchange and was thrown into the street

Vienna Vienna had about 1300 homes during Mozart’s day but many of these were palaces or substantial buildings in which many families lived giving a population of about 50,000. Vienna had about 1300 homes during Mozart’s day but many of these were palaces or substantial buildings in which many families lived giving a population of about 50,000. Many of the streets were very narrow and three or four people would be killed each year in accidents involving horses or horse drawn vehicles. Many of the streets were very narrow and three or four people would be killed each year in accidents involving horses or horse drawn vehicles. The ground floors of buildings were used for commercial purposes and the second floors were used for residences. The ground floors of buildings were used for commercial purposes and the second floors were used for residences.

His Life in Vienna Mozart became a freelance musician Mozart became a freelance musician He fell in love with Constanze Weber (Aloysia Weber’s sister) He fell in love with Constanze Weber (Aloysia Weber’s sister) They were married in August, 1782 over his father Leopold’s objections They were married in August, 1782 over his father Leopold’s objections

His Life in Vienna Mozart was finally established as a pianist and composer Mozart was finally established as a pianist and composer His career peaked between and he was very successful His career peaked between and he was very successful However, in 1786 his opera “Marriage of Figaro” was received indifferently However, in 1786 his opera “Marriage of Figaro” was received indifferently The expected court appointment failed to materialize The expected court appointment failed to materialize His music fell out of favor with the Viennese public His music fell out of favor with the Viennese public His professional life went into a tailspin His professional life went into a tailspin By 1787 he was begging for loans and suffering the loss of his father By 1787 he was begging for loans and suffering the loss of his father

Mozart’s Home Mozart lived in 14 known different apartments, two of which were in the suburbs and the remainder in the Inner city. Mozart lived in 14 known different apartments, two of which were in the suburbs and the remainder in the Inner city. The Figaro House where Mozart composed the Marriage Of Figaro and where Leopold Mozart, Joseph Haydn and possibly the young Beethoven (who lived in 57 different Vienna apartments) visited him is now a museum. The Figaro House where Mozart composed the Marriage Of Figaro and where Leopold Mozart, Joseph Haydn and possibly the young Beethoven (who lived in 57 different Vienna apartments) visited him is now a museum. Mozart's last Vienna residence before his death, City 970, was renumbered 876 and then 934. The house was later rebuilt and the site is now occupied by a department store. Mozart's last Vienna residence before his death, City 970, was renumbered 876 and then 934. The house was later rebuilt and the site is now occupied by a department store.

Mozart’s Final Years By there was a progressive decline in his career. By there was a progressive decline in his career. His income dropped sharply. His income dropped sharply. Constanze began to have health problems and often visited a spa in Baden. Constanze began to have health problems and often visited a spa in Baden. In 1789 Mozart went to Berlin looking for work but could find none. In 1789 Mozart went to Berlin looking for work but could find none. By 1791 his fortunes at a low point. By 1791 his fortunes at a low point. His new opera “La Clemenza di Tito” was a failure. His new opera “La Clemenza di Tito” was a failure. The “Requiem Mass” was commissioned by Count Walsegg, a wealthy nobleman, in July, The “Requiem Mass” was commissioned by Count Walsegg, a wealthy nobleman, in July, 1791.

Mozart’s final year By November 20 Mozart was seriously ill By November 20 Mozart was seriously ill Mozart dies on December 5, 1791 Mozart dies on December 5, 1791 The “Requiem”, only partially finished, was completed by Mozart’s pupil, Franz Xavier Sussmayr The “Requiem”, only partially finished, was completed by Mozart’s pupil, Franz Xavier Sussmayr Mozart was 35 years old Mozart was 35 years old

Mozart was buried in an unmarked common grave in St. Marx cemetery Mozart was buried in an unmarked common grave in St. Marx cemetery WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART January 27, December 5, 1791

The Reusable Coffin A reform introduced by Emperor Joseph II was that each parish should retain a supply of reusable coffins to be used for simple funerals not accompanied by mourners. A reform introduced by Emperor Joseph II was that each parish should retain a supply of reusable coffins to be used for simple funerals not accompanied by mourners. Corpses were to be buried in sacks to speed up decomposition, but this proved unpopular. Corpses were to be buried in sacks to speed up decomposition, but this proved unpopular.

Medicine in the 18th century Medical standards were primitive at the time of Mozart's death. Medical standards were primitive at the time of Mozart's death. Nursing did not exist as a profession. Nursing did not exist as a profession. Eighteenth century infant mortality rates often exceeded 50%. Eighteenth century infant mortality rates often exceeded 50%. Mozart and his sister, Nannerl, were the only two survivors from seven children. Mozart and his sister, Nannerl, were the only two survivors from seven children. Four out of six of Mozart's children died in infancy. Four out of six of Mozart's children died in infancy.

Life Expectancy Average life expectancy was less than fifty years. Average life expectancy was less than fifty years. In December 1791 when Mozart died, there was no one above the age of fifty-six who died in St. Stephen's parish that same month. In December 1791 when Mozart died, there was no one above the age of fifty-six who died in St. Stephen's parish that same month. The names, causes, symptoms or cures for many diseases were completely unknown. The names, causes, symptoms or cures for many diseases were completely unknown. The diagnosis of illnesses was highly inaccurate. The diagnosis of illnesses was highly inaccurate. Advances in medicine from the Middle Ages up to the eighteenth century were limited and many primitive beliefs and superstitions prevailed. Advances in medicine from the Middle Ages up to the eighteenth century were limited and many primitive beliefs and superstitions prevailed. The belief that a swollen body was also a sign of death by poison as in Mozart's case can be attributed to ignorance. The belief that a swollen body was also a sign of death by poison as in Mozart's case can be attributed to ignorance.

The Final Trilogy Mozart’s last three symphonies (39, 40, 41) are considered his greatest orchestral works and the peak of symphonic music in the Classical era Mozart’s last three symphonies (39, 40, 41) are considered his greatest orchestral works and the peak of symphonic music in the Classical era They were composed in a six - week period during the summer of 1788 They were composed in a six - week period during the summer of 1788 No one knows why they were written and Mozart may have never heard them played No one knows why they were written and Mozart may have never heard them played

WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART January 27, December 5, 1791 age 3: picked out tunes on the piano age 3: picked out tunes on the piano age 4: telling older players that their violins are out of tune age 4: telling older players that their violins are out of tune age 5: playing the clavier quite well age 5: playing the clavier quite well age 6: begins composing; on the road with his father (Leopold) and sister (Maria Anna “Nannerl”) age 6: begins composing; on the road with his father (Leopold) and sister (Maria Anna “Nannerl”) spent 14 of his 36 years away from home spent 14 of his 36 years away from home

WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART January 27, December 5, 1791