Atmospheric Basics Section 11.1 Section 11.1

Atmospheric Composition Energy is transferred throughout Earth’s atmosphere Energy is transferred throughout Earth’s atmosphere 78% Nitrogen 78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 21% Oxygen 1% trace gases (Ar, CO 2, H 2 O) 1% trace gases (Ar, CO 2, H 2 O) What gases made up Earth’s early atmosphere? What gases made up Earth’s early atmosphere?

Atmospheric Composition Gases like water vapor and ozone can vary from place to place on Earth Gases like water vapor and ozone can vary from place to place on Earth Regulate the amount of energy the atmosphere absorbs and emits Regulate the amount of energy the atmosphere absorbs and emits Water vapor varies from 0% to 4% Water vapor varies from 0% to 4% Ozone layer is km above Earth Ozone layer is km above Earth CFCs breakdown ozone CFCs breakdown ozone List some harmful particles in the air List some harmful particles in the air

Atmospheric Layers Troposphere Troposphere Stratosphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Exosphere Work with a partner to complete your foldable review guide Work with a partner to complete your foldable review guide

Energy Transfer Radiation – the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves Radiation – the transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves Thermal energy is transferred from the Sun to the Earth like a heating lamp over food Thermal energy is transferred from the Sun to the Earth like a heating lamp over food This solar energy is absorbed and reflected by the atmosphere and Earth’s surface This solar energy is absorbed and reflected by the atmosphere and Earth’s surface Water heats and cools more slowly than land Water heats and cools more slowly than land

Energy Transfer Conduction – the transfer of thermal energy between objects when their atoms or molecules collide Conduction – the transfer of thermal energy between objects when their atoms or molecules collide Occurs more easily in solids and liquids than in gases Occurs more easily in solids and liquids than in gases Conduction occurs between Earth’s surface and the lowest level of the atmosphere (Troposphere) Conduction occurs between Earth’s surface and the lowest level of the atmosphere (Troposphere)

Energy Transfer Convection – the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of heated material from one place to another Convection – the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of heated material from one place to another Occurs mainly in liquids and gases Occurs mainly in liquids and gases Describe convection currents. Describe convection currents.