 starter activity The Greeks, like the Egyptians believed that the gods had special powers. Match a god to a quality: Love Medicine Wine Sleep Victory Aphrodite Nike Hypnos Dionysus Asclepius

Did the Greeks have any new ideas about medicine? To find out about the cult of Asclepius To understand the theory of the four humours To find out about the methods of treatment used by the Greeks. To study the life of Hippocrates  Aims

 Your task Read through the information on pp Answer these questions: Read through the information on pp Answer these questions: How did Greek people believe they could be cured? How did Greek people believe they could be cured? How well suited was the Asclepion to healing people? How well suited was the Asclepion to healing people?

 Your task Read about the temple of Asclepius on p Imagine you are trying to encourage people to visit the Asclepion at Epidarus. Write a letter to a friend describing your treatment. Include the following: Description of your problem Description of your problem Description of the Asclepion Description of the Asclepion What happened What happened Who saw you and how you were cured Who saw you and how you were cured

SatisfactoryGood The gods are extremely pleased with you! Includes a limited number of items required for the task. Includes the full range of items, but needs to develop some. Uses some technical vocab. Appearance of a letter. Full range of items, explained in detail. Confident use of technical vocab. Set out as a letter. Written in a persuasive style.

 Your task Read p and answer these questions: What were the 4 humours? Why did the Greeks develop this idea? How did 4 humours fit in with other ideas?

4 Humours Phlegm, blood, yellow & black bile Phlegm, blood, yellow & black bile Humours stayed in balance in healthy body Humours stayed in balance in healthy body Body produced too much if unhealthy, e.g. phlegm during a cold Body produced too much if unhealthy, e.g. phlegm during a cold

Reasons for this idea Greek civilisation was wealthy (like Egyptian) Greek civilisation was wealthy (like Egyptian) Spirit of scientific curiosity Spirit of scientific curiosity Culture of careful observation Culture of careful observation

Relationship to other ideas World was made up of 4 elements: earth, air, fire and water World was made up of 4 elements: earth, air, fire and water Year had 4 seasons Year had 4 seasons 4 points on a compass 4 points on a compass Illnesses corresponded to these factors: e.g. winter, wettest season, people have more colds, produce more phlegm Illnesses corresponded to these factors: e.g. winter, wettest season, people have more colds, produce more phlegm

 Your task Was the theory of the four humours a step forwards or back? Read p.28 and find reasons why it represents an advance in medicine Was the theory of the four humours a step forwards or back? Read p.28 and find reasons why it represents an advance in medicine

Advance in medicine? Promoted idea of doing things in moderation for good health Promoted idea of doing things in moderation for good health Alternative to religious or superstitious practices Alternative to religious or superstitious practices Doctors were making observations of disease & natural world Doctors were making observations of disease & natural world Attempt to find logical explanations Attempt to find logical explanations

 Your task Copy the table from p.29 into your notes. Study sources 1-3 and complete the chart. Copy the table from p.29 into your notes. Study sources 1-3 and complete the chart.

 Your task Study the text and sources on pp and complete a table similar to the one below in your notes: Study the text and sources on pp and complete a table similar to the one below in your notes: ObservationsAdviceTreatmentsSurgery

Observations Greek doctors made careful observations of symptoms Greek doctors made careful observations of symptoms Case histories, e.g. ‘On Epidemics’ from Hippocratic Collection Case histories, e.g. ‘On Epidemics’ from Hippocratic Collection Observations included: inspecting urine & faeces, feeling temperature, listening to breathing, asking patient questions Observations included: inspecting urine & faeces, feeling temperature, listening to breathing, asking patient questions

Advice Advice on how disease might develop – prognosis Advice on how disease might develop – prognosis Studied how previous diseases developed Studied how previous diseases developed Offered advice on avoiding illness Offered advice on avoiding illness

Treatments Restoring balance of humours, e.g. by making patients vomit, purging or bleeding them Restoring balance of humours, e.g. by making patients vomit, purging or bleeding them Recommended Asclepion for incurable illnesses Recommended Asclepion for incurable illnesses Purgative: hellebore, cumin & fragrant herbs Purgative: hellebore, cumin & fragrant herbs ‘A programme for health’ – recommended dry foods in winter & watered wine in summer ‘A programme for health’ – recommended dry foods in winter & watered wine in summer Diocles of Carystus (390BC) recommended washing & exercise for healthy lifestyle Diocles of Carystus (390BC) recommended washing & exercise for healthy lifestyle

Surgery Sharper instruments from 1200BC Sharper instruments from 1200BC New techniques for setting bones & amputation New techniques for setting bones & amputation Draining lungs if patients had pneumonia Draining lungs if patients had pneumonia Instruments included, shears, forceps & probes Instruments included, shears, forceps & probes Developed techniques for preventing infection, e.g. applying salve of honey Developed techniques for preventing infection, e.g. applying salve of honey

 Your task Study the information on the Greek doctor, Create a spider diagram summarising his achievements. Include the following points: Study the information on the Greek doctor, Create a spider diagram summarising his achievements. Include the following points: Hippocratic Oath Hippocratic Oath Books Books Observing & recording Observing & recording Causes of disease Causes of disease Natural treatments Natural treatments Hippocrates

Write an obituary for a newspaper about his life and his work. Write an obituary for a newspaper about his life and his work.