Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (EHEC) Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) Kim Valea Dahmke.

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Presentation transcript:

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (EHEC) Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) Kim Valea Dahmke

Introduction EHEC is a food-borne disease special strain of E. coli May lead to haemolytic uraemic syndrome Mostly caused by E. coli O157:H7 In Germany 2011: E. coli O104:H4 (has special enteroaggregative properties + multiple antibiotic resistance)

Epidemiology First major outbreak in 1982 in the USA 1996 in Japan 2001 in USA

In 2011 there was a big outbreak in Germany (May to July) with 2987 recorded cases of EHEC and 855 cases of HUS Death was reported for 35 (4.1%) patients with HUS and for 18 (0.6%) with EHEC Surprisingly mostly adults were affected, normaly children or older people are affected Especially the northern part of Germany was affected The largest outbreak of EHEC and HUS recorded worldwide

Cause Raw / undercooked meat, raw milk, faecal contaminated vegetables 2011 EHEC was caused by contaminated sprouts Bacteria survive the acidic environment of the stomach and can colonize in the colon (10-100 bacteria are enough)

Some bacteria die and release toxins that can cause necrosis of the epithelia (less absorption of water + destruction of capillary) Toxins enter bloodstream and destroy endothelium (especially in kidney); causes plug of thrombocytes (thrombocytopenia) Destroy red blood cells (haemoltic anaemia)

Symptoms EHEC: - abdominal cramps - diarrhoea - fever - vomiting - irritability, lethargy + weakness - incubation period 3-8 days HUS: - acute renal failure - haemolytic anaemia + thrombocytopenia - can cause neurological complications (seizure, stroke, coma)

Treatment Treatment of the symptoms Dialysis Transfusion of blood or packed red blood cells Using of ligand for receptors of toxin to prevent the spread of toxin to extraintestinal sites Antibodies, vaccines Antibiotics are avoided (may increase the releasement of toxin)

Bibliography http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs125/en/ http://www.eufic.org/page/en/page/FAQ/faqid/What-does-EHEC-mean/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/10/12 http://www.riki.de/EN/Home/EHEC_final_report.pdf?_blob=publicationFile http://landkartenindex.blogspot.cz/2011/06/ehec-deutschlandkarten-zeigen-die.html https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/HUS-Epidemie_2011