Notes for Thursday’s Quiz Satellites and Flight
What is a Satellite? ► an object that revolves around another object in a path called an orbit ► Can be man-made or artificial ► Can be natural
Natural Satellites ► Examples: All the planets because they orbit around the Sun Any moon because they orbit around a planet Rings of planets, asteroids, comets, meteors, meteorites, and particles of dust and debris
Role of the Sun ► keeps objects in orbit with its gravitational field ► alone accounts for about 99.8 percent of the mass of the solar system
Artificial Satellites ► Spacecrafts built and sent into space by humans ► Perform ‘jobs’ for humans Collecting data Pictures Sending signals (phone or TV) Global positioning system (GPS) ► May have human crews aboard US Space Shuttles International Space Station
How satellites stay in orbit. ► Orbit- path in space that an object moves along around a larger object ► The orbital path needs an exact combination of height and speed or it will not orbit ► Gravity- force of attraction between masses (pull between objects) Key in a satellites orbit
Why don’t satellites fall? ► Overcome the force of gravity by an exact combination of height (altitude) and speed (velocity)
Satellite positioning Geostationary- orbits with the rotation of the Earth stays over the same spot all the time Polar-orbiting- Orbits opposite of Earth’s rotation Can view most of Earth in minutes weather, climate, oceans, volcanoes, and vegetation patterns around the world en/kids/goes/poes_still.gif
Types of Artificial Satellites 1. Scientific- provides research and data International Space Station ► Most complex international satellite ► Six research labs Hubble Space Telescope ► Studies everything outside of Earth ► Sends astronomers gigabytes of data each day
Types of Artificial Satellites 2. Communications- sends signals back to Earth for human use (GPS, TV and phone) Telestar ► First private satellite from AT&T
Types of Artificial Satellites 3. Environmental- faces Earth and serves only to research and analyze Earth systems Weather analysis and forecasting, Climate changes, Water temperatures, Atmosphere, Volcanic activity, forest fires, vegetation and ozone
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