Chapter 28: Dictatorships and the Second World War, Pages

Lecture 1- Conservative Authoritarianism and Radical Totalitarian Dictatorships Fascist Governments

Conservative Authoritarianism and Radical Totalitarian Dictatorships Totalitarianism

Conservative Authoritarianism and Radical Totalitarian Dictatorships Characteristics of Communist Dictatorships Characteristics of Fascist Dictatorships

Communism and Fascism Race and Eugenics

Refer to the photo’s above 1.In the Mussolini photo, what prominent building is behind him? 2.Why does Mussolini want to be seen near the Coliseum? 3.Who surrounds Stalin in the painting? 4.Why does Stalin have himself portrayed with representatives of the different Soviet ethnic groups?

From Lenin to Stalin 1.The New Economy Policy (NEP) 2.Lenin’s Succession 3.Stalin’s Triumph

The Five-Years Plans The First-Five Year Plan Collectivization and the Kulaks

The Five-Years Plans The Cost of Collectivization Industrialization

Life and Culture in Soviet Society Daily Life Personal Advancement Women’s Roles Politicized Culture

Stalinist Terror The Kirov Murder

Kirov murder The assassination of Sergei Kirov in 1934 is one of the great murder mysteries of the 20th century and the subject of a highly charged historical controversy. Boss of the Leningrad Party one of Stalin’s inner circle shot by an unemployed Communist Party member, Leonid Nikolaev Dec., 1, 1934 Stalin accused his former party rivals…including Trotsky Stalin claimed the conspiracy ran deep into the Communist Party & would use this as an excuse for terror Result…arrest & execution of 17 party members critical of Stalin

Great Purges Definition The Purges’ Mysterious Origins

Lecture 2 -Benito Mussolini Who was he?!?

Mussolini and Fascism in Italy The Seizure of Power

Mussolini and Fascism in Italy The Matteotti Murder and its Aftermath

Mussolini and Fascism in Italy The Lateran Agreement (1929)

Mussolini and Fascism in Italy Characteristics of Fascist Italy

Hitler and Nazism in Germany The Roots of National Socialism –The Nazi Party –The Beer Hall Putsch

Hitler’s Road to Power Mein Kampf (My Struggle) 3 goals: Lebensraum, master Race, Fuhrer(dictatorial leader) The Nazi Seizure of Power

The “Stab-In-The-Back” Theory German soldiers are dissatisfied.

Decadence of the Weimar Republic

Hitler and Nazi German The SA Purge

Hitler and Nazi German The Nuremberg Laws (1935)

Hitler and Nazi German Kristallnacht (November 9,1938)

Hitler and Nazi German The Volksgemeinschaft (People’s Community) Gender

Hitler and Nazi German Appeasement The Munich Conference

What does this cartoon illustrate?

Hitler and Nazi German The Hitler-Stalin Pact

Hitler-Stalin Pact

Hitler Stalin Pact

Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936 The “Pact of Steel”

The Spanish Civil War: Francisco Franco

The Spanish Civil War: A Dress Rehearsal for WW II? Italian troops in Madrid

“ Guernica” by Pablo Picasso

Second World War-lecture 3 German Victories in Europe –1939 –1940 –1941

Poland Attacked: Sept. 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg [“Lightening War”]

Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, 1940 The Tripartite Pact

Axis vs. Allies Axis

The Second World War The New Order The War of Annihilation

Holocaust Euthanasia

Holocaust Ghettos and Death Squads

Holocaust The Final Solution

Battle of Britain: The “Blitz” August8-October Battle of Britain: The “Blitz” August8-October British RAF vs. German Luftwaffe

The Royal Air Force

German Luftwaffe-Herman Goering

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill “… This was our finest hour.”

France Surrenders June, 1940

A Divided France Henri Petain

The French Resistance The Free French General Charles DeGaulle

Operation Barbarossa: Hitler’s Biggest Mistake

Operation Barbarossa: June 22, 1941 code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union Operation Barbarossa: June 22, 1941 code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union 3,000,000 German soldiers. 3,400 tanks. named after Frederick Barbarossa

Operation Barbarossa Operation Barbarossa was based on a massive attack based on blitzkrieg. History repeats itself??

The “Big Three” Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin

Battle of Stalingrad: … German ArmyRussian Army 1,011,500 men1,000,500 men 10,290 artillery guns13,541 artillery guns 675 tanks894 tanks 1,216 planes1,115 planes

Second World War The “Hinge of Fate”

The North Africa Campaign: The Battle of El Alamein, 1942 Gen. Ernst Rommel, The “Desert Fox” Gen. Bernard Law Montgomery (“Monty”)

D-Day (June 6, 1944)

Normandy Landing (June 6, 1944 ) Higgins Landing Crafts German Prisoners

Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation Overlord”]

July 20, 1944 Assassination Plot Major Claus von Stauffenberg

July 20, 1944 Assassination Plot 1. Adolf Hitler 2. Field Marshall Wilhelm Keitel 3. Gen Alfred von Jodl 4. Gen Walter Warlimont 5. Franz von Sonnleithner 6. Maj Herbert Buchs 7. Stenographer Heinz Buchholz 8. Lt Gen Hermann Fegelein 9. Col Nikolaus von Below 10. Rear Adm Hans-Erich Voss 11. Otto Gunsche, Hitler's adjutant 12. Gen Walter Scherff (injured) 13. Gen Ernst John von Freyend 14. Capt Heinz Assman (injured) this to a friend-mail this to a friend

Whatever happened to Mussolini?? He & His Mistress, Claretta Petacci Are Hung in Milan, 1945 Whatever happened to Mussolini?? He & His Mistress, Claretta Petacci Are Hung in Milan, 1945

Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945 The Führer’s Bunker Cyanide & Pistols Mr. & Mrs. Hitler

Allied Victory The Anglo-American Invasion

V-E Day (May 8, 1945) General Keitel

V-E Day (May 8, 1945)

Japanese Empire and the War In the Pacific Racial-Imperial Ambitions

Japanese Empire and the War In the Pacific The Greater East Asia co-Prosperity Sphere

Japanese Empire and the War In the Pacific- begins text pg. 916 The Japanese Offensives

Pacific Theater of Operations

Paying for the War

Allied Counter-Offensive: “Island-Hopping”

Bataan Death March : April, ,000 prisoners [12,000 Americans] Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POW camps in the Philippines.

Farthest Extent of Japanese Conquests

Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle: First U. S. Raids on Tokyo, 1942

Battle of Midway Island: June 4-6, 1942

Japanese Kamikaze Planes: The Scourge of the South Pacific Kamikaze Pilots Suicide Bombers

US Marines on Mt. Surbachi, Iwo Jima [Feb. 19, 1945]

Potsdam Conference: July, 1945 yFDR dead, Churchill out of office as Prime Minister during conference. yStalin only original. yThe United States has the A-bomb. yAllies agree Germany is to be divided into occupation zones yPoland moved around to suit the Soviets. P.M. Clement President Joseph Atlee Truman Stalin

The Manhattan Project: Los Alamos, NM Dr. Robert Oppenheimer I am become death, the shatterer of worlds! Major General Lesley R. Groves

Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb

Hiroshima – August 6, 1945 ©70,000 killed immediately. ©48,000 buildings. destroyed. ©100,000s died of radiation poisoning & cancer later.

Nagasaki – August 9, 1945 ©40,000 killed immediately. ©60,000 injured. ©100,000s died of radiation poisoning & cancer later.

Japanese A-Bomb Survivors

Allied Victory The War in the Pacific

August 13, 2007 Connect across time!!