Electric Charge and Static Electricity

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Electric Charge & Static Electricity

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Electrical Charge and Static Electricity

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Presentation transcript:

Electric Charge and Static Electricity Chapter 2 Section 1 Pages 34 - 41

*Understand the properties of electric charge Objectives: *Understand the properties of electric charge *Compare forms of electrical energy (static, electric current, induction, lightning) Electrons: Negative charge (-) Protons: Positive charge (+) **Ben Franklin named these charges Interaction of Charges…

Magnets & Electric Charges are… Alike Opposites attract (N) & (S) (+) & (-) Likes repel (N) & (N) (S) & (S) (+) & (+) (-) & (-) 3. They both have fields Different Magnets have a north & south pole. They can’t be apart! 2. Electric charges (+) & (-) can exist alone! Electric Force: The attraction or repulsion between electric charges. Electric Field: A region around a charged object where the object’s electric force is exerted on other charged objects.

(+) + (-) = Neutral charge = 0 Positive charges are balanced by negative charges. The (+) & (-) charges cancel each other out. They become neutral. The build-up of charges on an object is called… STATIC ELECTRICITY In static electricity, charges build up, but they do not flow. *What can keep charges from building up? INSULATORS Examples: Dryer sheets, rubber soles on shoes, and humid air.

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF CHARGE: *Charges are not created or destroyed. Electrons are only transferred from one location to another. There are 3 ways to transfer a charge… Friction: Transfer of electrons by rubbing Conduction: Transfer of electrons by direct contact (Touching) Induction: Movement of electrons to one part of an object by the electric field of another object.

Electroscope: Special instrument for detecting an electric charge. (Electric charges ARE invisible.) When a negatively charged object and a positively charged object are brought together, electrons transfer until both objects have the same charge. Static Discharge: The loss of static electricity as electric charges move off an object. Examples of Static Discharge: *Lightning *Shock from touching a door knob