The Church in Fourth Century : from Constantine to Augustine Class #1: The Historical Context, Part1: The First Three Centuries.

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Presentation transcript:

The Church in Fourth Century : from Constantine to Augustine Class #1: The Historical Context, Part1: The First Three Centuries

General Outline of the Course “Hoc vince!” Martyrdom to Monasticism The Church, Inc. “Tolle lege!” translation by Maria Boulding Student Handbook

The Christian World of the New Testament Crucifixion, Resurrection, Ascension of Jesus Pentecost Persecutions of Christians by Jews

Roman-Jewish Conflict as Background Babylonian Exile & Return: 6 th c. BC Maccabean Revolt and the Kingdom of Jerusalem: BC Jewish Militant Apocalyptic & Wars 1 st War: AD Kitos War: 113 AD Bar Kochba Rebellion: 132 AD

The Christian World of the New Testament Crucifixion, Resurrection, Ascension of Jesus Pentecost Persecutions of Christians by Jews Early Growth of Christian Church – Jerusalem, Antioch, Alexandria, Rome

Major Concentrations of early Gospel Proclamation and Church Growth

The Christian World of the later First Century Roman Persecution of Christians – Nero (64 AD) Destruction of Jerusalem, 70 AD

The fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD took the lives of some 600,000. Following Bar Kochba rebellion (135 AD), Jews were exiled from Jerusalem (AElia) until the time of Constantine. terminated sacrificial worship among the Jews (even to the present day). clearly divided Jews against Christians (no longer allowed in synagogues).

The Christian World of the later First Century Roman Persecution of Christians – Nero (64 AD) Destruction of Jerusalem, 70 AD Roman Persecution of Christians – Domitian (r AD) Growth of Christian Church – Antioch, Alexandria, Rome

The Christian World of the Second and Third Centuries Growth of Christian Church – cities of Antioch, Alexandria, Rome regions of North Africa and Syria Roman empire continues to deteriorate

The Christian World of the Second and Third Centuries Growth of Christian Church – cities of Antioch, Alexandria, Rome regions of North Africa and Syria Roman empire continues to deteriorate Persecutions of Christians by Roman Empire

- Nero (c ). Traditional martyrdoms of Peter and Paul. - Domitian (r ). - Trajan ( ). Christianity is outlawed but Christians are not sought out. - “A False Dawn” ( ) - Marcus Aurelius (r ). Martyrdom of Polycarp. - “The Turn of the Tide” ( ) - Septimus Severus ( ). Martyrdom of Perpetua. - Decius ( ). Christians are actively sought out by requiring public sacrifice. Could buy certificates (libelli) instead of sacrificing. Martyrdoms of bishops of Rome, Jerusalem and Antioch. - Valerian (257-59). Martyrdoms of Cyprian of Carthage and Sixtus II of Rome. - Maximinus the Thracian (235-38). - Aurelian (r. 270–275). - Diocletian and Galerius ( ).

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