AP Psych DMA 1. You’re going to bed early – your eyes are closed & you’re relaxed, but not asleep yet. An EEG would most likely see what type of brain waves? 2. How often does the sleep cycle repeat itself? Please turn in your Chapter 2 Review assignment (from yesterday)

DMA Summative Test Review assignment details Chapter 7 Today’s Agenda Homework: DMAs are due Friday FRQ # 1 & 2 due Thursday, Oct. 6 th Chapter 7 notes – due Tuesday, Oct. 11 th Chapter 7 test – Tuesday, Oct. 11 th Chapter 7 test review session – Monday, Oct. 10 th, 7:00 AM, Wheeler’s room Chapters 1, 2, 9, 7 & prologue summative test – Monday, Oct. 17 th

Mark your calendars…

Chapter 2 Test Review Assignment Details… You earned ½ a point of redemption (in the summative category) for every multiple choice question that you: Explained why your answer was wrong & explained what the correct answer was. For every chapter test… you will review what you missed You will not always earn redemption (1/2 a point) – sometimes it will be a formative assignment. ALL AP Psych classes are doing this

Chapter 7

Consciousness our awareness of ourselves and our environments

Different Levels of Consciousness 1. Complete the handout 2. When you are done – compare/contrast your answers with at least 3 other people What differences do you see? How are your responses similar? 3. Turn in your handout to the in-box

School appropriate, please

Sleep and Dreams  Biological Rhythms  Periodic physiological fluctuations  Have you ever had jet lag?  Circadian Rhythm Biological clock Regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle, wakefulness & body temperature

Sleep and Dreams  REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep  recurring sleep stage  vivid dreams  “paradoxical sleep”  muscles are generally relaxed, but other body systems are active

Brain Waves and Sleep Stages  Alpha Waves  slow waves of a relaxed, awake brain  Delta Waves  large, slow waves of deep sleep  Hallucinations  false sensory experiences

Stages in a Typical Night’s Sleep Sleep stages Awake Hours of sleep REM

Sleep Deprivation Effects of Sleep Loss  fatigue  impaired concentration  depressed immune system  greater vulnerability to accidents

Sleep Deprivation 2,400 2,700 2,600 2,500 2,800 Spring time change (hour sleep loss) 3,600 4, ,800 Fall time change (hour sleep gained) Less sleep, more accidents More sleep, fewer accidents Monday before time changeMonday after time change Accident frequency

Sleep Disorders Insomnia  persistent problems in falling or staying asleep Narcolepsy  uncontrollable sleep attacks  Clip – dog Clip – dog  Clip – news video Clip – news video Sleep Apnea  temporarily stop breathing  momentary reawakenings

Night Terrors and Nightmares  Night Terrors  occur within 2 or 3 hours of falling asleep, usually during Stage 4  high arousal- terrified Sleep stages Awake Hours of sleep REM

Freud vs. Hobson & McCarley

Dreams as Meaningful Events Freud Dreams existed to protect you from disturbing thoughts during your sleep To serve as sources of wish fulfillment. Despite the serious lack of evidence, this theory has gained popularity.

Dreams as Random Brain Activity Activation-synthesis theory Dreams begin with random electrical activation coming from the brain stem. As this energy sweeps over the cerebral cortex… The sleeper experiences impressions of sensation, memory, motivation, emotion and movement. Thus dreams are the brain's attempt to make sense of/to synthesize this random activity.

REM sleep furnishes the brain with an internal source of needed stimulation. This internal activation Promotes the growth & development of the brain at the time when the sleeping brain has blocked out external stimulation. Hobson & McCarley

Dream on Modern sleep scientists now know that the content of dreams varies by Age Gender Culture Children are more likely to dream about animals than adults. And their animals are large and scary, while the animals college students dream about are more often small, tame, pets.

Women everywhere more commonly dream of children while men more often dream of aggression, weapons, and tools. In Ghana dreams often feature attacks by cows, while Americans often dream of being naked in public. Mexican American college students dream more often of death than do their Anglo American counterparts.

Don't dream it, be it Research has also found that your dreams frequently connect with recent experience. Typically, the first REM period of the night connects with the events of the previous day. The REM periods build on that connection, But the original experience wanes throughout the night.

Sleep Across the Lifespan

Sleep Stages Lullabies

How people sleep is a serious issue In the U.S. advertisers present an almost overwhelming array of books, tapes, songs, foods, and drugs guaranteed to put the average consumer to sleep.

The old sleep standby Is, of course, the lullaby You know… Rock-a-bye baby, on the tree top… Sing along here, people.

Your assignment Get together with your study group. Adapt or create a lullaby to address some aspect of sleep and sleep schedules. An example: Rock-a-bye baby, going to sleep, Alpha waves cease and delta waves peak Then comes a dream with stage-one-like REM And the next night it starts all over again You will perform your lullaby for the class