American History Unit II- U.S. Foreign Affairs World War II Chapter 26- Clouds of War Section 3- War Comes to the United States

The War spreads U.S. extends the our neutral zone far out into North Atlantic U.S. occupied Greenland U.S. seized German, Italian, French, Holland and Norwegian ships in U.S. ports. German and Italian property in U.S. frozen.

Operation Barbarosa. He invades Russia June 22, 1941 – Hitler makes the great blunder- he feels that all battlefields are alike and blitzkrieg always works. He invades Russia Napoleon had learned a hard lesson a hundred years before- Russia is too big, too frozen and would cause the downfall of his empire. Hitler would learn the same lesson. Germans moved quickly and went deep into Russia, but when they got to Moscow the worst winter in 30 years struck. Freezing temps stopped the german advance. Germans are stalemated at Leningrad, Stalingrad and Moscow

Trouble in the Pacific Japan not the Germans would plunge the U.S. into war Japan became a partner of Germany and Italy Japan’s empire was called “The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”- Japan had taken unprotected French and Dutch lands and British lands and China were also on their list. Japan wanted to seal off the “Burma Road”- the Allied supply route for China. They did successfully occupy bases in French Indochina U.S. responds with embargo on all trade with Japan. All U.S. – Japanese discussions from this point China was the problem. U.S. wants the Japanese out. The Japanese demand we not support Chiang Kai-shek in China.

“Day of Infamy” The choice The choice for the Japanese was limited in their eyes- Give up the idea of having an empire or go to war with the U.S.- The military leaders of Japan choose war, October 1941 October General Hideki Tojo came to power Magic “Magic”- intelligence we received from Japan after breaking the Japanese code. We knew they would attack, but now where. U.S. navy forces put on alert status. Dec. 7, 1941 Dec. 7, Pearl Harbor. Perfect surprise, and the greatest military disaster in American History- 150 American warplanes, 8 Battleships, 3 Cruisers and 3 destroyers, 70 civilians and 2300 servicemen. Dec. 8, 1941 Dec. 8, FDR speech to Congress-

Dec. 7, 1941