Building an American Empire From Isolationism to Interventionism

Isolationism pre-1870 Physical Separation “Common Sense” Washington’s Farewell Address Monroe Doctrine Manifest Destiny Internal Conflicts Physical Separation “Common Sense” Washington’s Farewell Address Monroe Doctrine Manifest Destiny Internal Conflicts

Shift toward EXPANSION Same people that pushed development of the machine age pushed expansion. Ideologies of nationalism, capitalism, and Social Darwinism. Economically US started to export more than it imported, so the industrial growth of the U.S. was tied to other countries. Same people that pushed development of the machine age pushed expansion. Ideologies of nationalism, capitalism, and Social Darwinism. Economically US started to export more than it imported, so the industrial growth of the U.S. was tied to other countries.

Race Thinking and Expansion

Race issues in US Burlingame Treaty had allowed open immigration, but protest and riots led to Chinese Exclusion Act (1882). Gentleman’s Agreement with Japan (1906) to limit immigration. Burlingame Treaty had allowed open immigration, but protest and riots led to Chinese Exclusion Act (1882). Gentleman’s Agreement with Japan (1906) to limit immigration.

Seward’s Expansion Bought the Virgin Islands and Alaska, also annexed Alaska. U.S. forced French troops out of Mexico. Bought the Virgin Islands and Alaska, also annexed Alaska. U.S. forced French troops out of Mexico.

Mahan and the Navy Alfred Mahan pushed the importance of a navy in a world where foreign trade was essential.

Annexation of Hawaii US had increased its influence on the island going back to the 1850s. Queen Lili’uokalani (1891) tried to decrease the power of whites - but wealthy American conspired to have her arrested. Later in the context of war Pres. McKinley pushed annexation. US had increased its influence on the island going back to the 1850s. Queen Lili’uokalani (1891) tried to decrease the power of whites - but wealthy American conspired to have her arrested. Later in the context of war Pres. McKinley pushed annexation.

Cause of War Cuba had been fighting a Civil War against Spain from the 1860s that many Americans supported - for moral and economic reasons. Battleship Maine exploded in “Cause of humanity…protection of American life and property…serious injury to commerce…menace to our peace” Cuba had been fighting a Civil War against Spain from the 1860s that many Americans supported - for moral and economic reasons. Battleship Maine exploded in “Cause of humanity…protection of American life and property…serious injury to commerce…menace to our peace”

Yellow Journalism

Spanish American Cuban Filipino War

American Empire

Open Door Policy 1899 China was weakened by war and could not resist foreign powers. U.S. wanted an “open door” for its trade. Boxer Rebellion China was weakened by war and could not resist foreign powers. U.S. wanted an “open door” for its trade. Boxer Rebellion.

Big Stick Diplomacy President should take charge of foreign policy, the goal should be to expand US interests. Roosevelt Corollary - US would be an international police power - step in to stabilize Latin American nations. President should take charge of foreign policy, the goal should be to expand US interests. Roosevelt Corollary - US would be an international police power - step in to stabilize Latin American nations.

Platt Amendment U.S. did not annex Cuba, but did not allow Cuba to make treaties with other nations, and U.S. had the “right to intervene” to preserve order.

Panama Canal US encouraged Panamanian rebellion, and then signed a treaty to lease the land for the canal (1903).

Dollar Diplomacy and Moral Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy - to promote American business interests abroad (largely by Taft administration). Honduras, Haiti, Nicaragua Moral Diplomacy - pursue human interest in diplomacy (Sec. of State Bryan and “cooling off treaties” and apologizing to Colombia). However Wilson never really followed Moral Diplomacy, he really continued with the Roosevelt/Taft ideology - Mexico. Dollar Diplomacy - to promote American business interests abroad (largely by Taft administration). Honduras, Haiti, Nicaragua Moral Diplomacy - pursue human interest in diplomacy (Sec. of State Bryan and “cooling off treaties” and apologizing to Colombia). However Wilson never really followed Moral Diplomacy, he really continued with the Roosevelt/Taft ideology - Mexico.