Biological Motivation Chapter 6 Key Terms: Motivation, Homeostasis, Drive Reduction Theory, Hypothalamus

Motivation  Define the following:  Motivation  Biological  What might biological motivation mean?  Examples?

Homeostasis  Tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and deviation from their normal state  Example:  Fever/sweating

Hunger  Lateral Hypothalamus: makes us eat  More active when cold  Ventromedial Hypothalamus: makes us stop eating  More active when hot

Glucostatic Theory  Hypothalamus monitors blood glucose  BG drops, LH stimulated  Insulin released  After meal: liver secretes glucagon

Set-Point Theory  Set-Point: weight around which day- to-day weight fluctuates  If VMH is destroyed, you will not eat until you explode

Obesity  Dr. Stanley Schachter  Obese people respond to external cues for eating  Cracker & Almond experiments

Drive Reduction Theory  Clark Hull (1943)  All motivation comes from physiological needs Deprivation of Need Random activity Drive reduced

Pulling it Apart  Not all drives have physiological origins  Harry Harlow monkey study monkey study  Pleasure centers in the brain are drives for stimulation