Reproduction & Development Review 1

1. Identify the phase of mitosis being described: a. Cytokinesis occur telophase b. Chromosomes line up the middle metaphase c. Chromosomes replicate interphase d. Chromosomes get pulled apart anaphase e. Nuclear membrane break down prophase

A B C D E F 2. What process is represented in the diagram above? Mitosis 3. Describe the 2 daughter cells in stage F. They have the same # of chromosomes as the parent cell. They are genetically identical to the parent cell.

4. For each of the following pictures, identify the phase of mitosis and what is occurring. The pictures are out of order. A. Anaphase The chromosomes are pulling apart and moving to opposite poles.

B. Prophase The nuclear membrane is disappearing. Centrioles Spindle fibers Prophase The nuclear membrane is disappearing. Spindle fibers start to form.

C. Metaphase Chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell,

D. Telophase Nuclear membrane has started to form around each set of chromosomes Cytokinesis has begun (the cell membrane is pinching in).

A B C D E F Mitosis Plant cells 32 5. a. What process is represented? Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase 5. a. What process is represented? b. What type of cells are represented above? c. If the first cell is made up of 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are found in the daughter cells? d. How is this different from animal cell mitosis? e. Label each step of mitosis above. Mitosis Plant cells 32 In plant cell mitosis, cytokinesis occurs as a result of the cell plate forming between the 2 daughter cells. In animal cell mitosis, cytokinesis occurs as a result of the cell membrane pinching in between the 2 daughter cells.

6. What phase is it? Telophase Anaphase Anaphase Metaphase

7. What phase is it? prophase Telophase Metaphase Interphase

8. a. What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? b. What type of cell division is involved? c. Identify some organisms that use this process. d. What type is reproduction is represented? e. Describe the offspring of this process. Binary fission mitosis ameba, paramecia, bacteria asexual Offspring genetically identical to parent cell.

a. What does structure B represent? 9. a. What does structure B represent? b. What process does A represent? centrioles cytokinesis

10. a. What is the name of the process represented in the diagram? b. What type of cell division is involved? c. Identify some organisms that use this process. d. What type is reproduction is represented? e. Describe the offspring of this process. Budding mitosis Yeast, hydra asexual Offspring genetically identical to parent cell.

11. Identify the type of cell division that is used during asexual reproduction. Mitosis 12. What is the difference between budding and binary fission? Budding is an unequal division of cytoplasm while binary fission is an equal division of cytoplasm. 13. Potatoes are known as ____. tubers 14. Mushroom reproduce by releasing ___. spores 15. This type of reproduction requires 1 parent. asexual 16. Describe 1 example of regeneration. Starfish can regrow lost arms. Lizards can regrow a lost tail.

17. The type of asexual reproduction in which involves the production of single cells by mitosis that are released into the environment is called regeneration binary fission sporulation vegetative propagation 18. The type of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides into to two cells that are of equal size is called regeneration binary fission sporulation vegetative propagation 19. Asexual reproduction in plants is known as regeneration vegetative propagation binary fission sporulation

Vegetative propagation Vegetative propagation 20. Identify each type of asexual reproduction below. Binary fission Budding Regeneration Vegetative propagation Vegetative propagation Sporulation

22. What are the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction? Asexual repro uses one parent while sexual repro uses 2 parents. Asexual repro uses mitosis while sexual repro uses meiosis. Asexual repro produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual repro produces offspring that are similar but NOT genetically identical to the parents (genetic variation). Sexual repro involves the joining of gametes while asexual repro does not require gametes.

23. What process is represented in the diagram? 24. How many chromosomes are found in these human gametes? meiosis 23

25. What is the difference between process A and process B? A is mitosis and B is meiosis.

mitosis 26. Label each stage of embryonic development. Zygote Fertilization mitosis

27. Which statement is true about sexual reproduction? It produces offspring with half the number of chromosomes as the parent. It involves sex cells joining together. It produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parents. 28. The result of meiosis are daughter cells that have half the number of chromosomes a quarter of the number of chromosomes double the number of chromosomes the same number of chromosomes