Minerals.

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Presentation transcript:

Minerals

What is a mineral? Naturally occurring (gold silver, diamonds) Inorganic Solid Crystalline structure (ruby) Physical and chemical composition

Gold Diamond & Coal Ruby Copper

5 Physical Characteristics of Minerals

1. Luster How light is reflected off a mineral Metallic luster- looks like a metal (shiny) OR Non-metallic luster- glassy, waxy, pearly, earthy or brilliant Earthy Waxy Glassy

2. Hardness Diamonds can only scratch diamonds The Moh’s Hardness Scale is used to measure the ability of a mineral to resist scratching. Fingernail= 2 copper penny= 3 glass= 5 nail= 6 (used in field testing kits)

3. Streak The color of a mineral in powdered form Streak plate is used Streak may be different than outside color of mineral

4. Cleavage/fracture Cleavage- ability to break evenly along a point of weakness Fracture- mineral breaks unevenly

5. Color Gold sapphire diamond Not a reliable physical characteristic because minerals can come in several different colors Gold sapphire diamond

Others magnetic crystal structure double refraction fluorescence -Radioactivity -Density