Korea

Korea Today

Seoul, South Korea

Pyongyang, North Korea

. Early History of Korea

I. Early History of Korea Three Kingdoms

I. Early History of Korea A. Three Kingdoms of Korea: 1. Goguryeo 37BCE-668CE a. Largest of the kingdoms b. Greatest King Gwanggaeto c. Extended from Manchuria to modern day Seoul

I. Early History of Korea

2. Baekji 18BCE-660CE a. Western part of South Korea b. Religious & artistic traditions influenced the other two other kingdoms

I. Early History of Korea

3. Silla 57 BCE-935 CE 1. Eastern part of Korean peninsula 2. Traded along the Silk Road with Chinese, East Indians, Persians & Arabs

I. Early History of Korea

II. Medieval History of Korea B. Goryeo Dynasty CE 1. Also known as Koryo, which later become Korea 2. Unified Korean peninsula 3. Centralized government, with king & bureaucrats 4. Education

II. Medieval History of Korea

II. Medieval-Modern History of Korea C. Joseon Dynasty Won several battles 2. General Yi assassinated King U & his eight year old son King Chang in General Yi changed his name to King Taeojo 4. In 1401, Korea had to pay Ming China a tributary

II. Medieval-Modern History of Korea

III. Medieval-Modern History of Korea 5. Invented the Korean script , Japan attacked Korea in an effort to attack Ming China 7. Japanese mutilated more than 38,000 Koreans 8. Korean “turtle ships” (ironclads) beat the Japanese in the Battle of Hansan-Do

Turtle Ship

The Battle of Hansan-Do

III. Modern History of Korea 9. As a result, Korea became increasingly isolationist, (“The Hermit Kingdom”) , Korea had to pay the China’s Qing Dynasty a tribute

IV. Japanese Occupation Korea

A. In 1876, Japan forced Korea to open up to trade with Japan B Imo Rebellion, Korean soldiers rose up against the Japanese (late & low pay)

IV. Japanese Occupation Korea C Donghak Rebellion: 1. peasants rose up 2. China & Japan used this as an excuse increase their military presence in Korea st Sino(China)- Japanese War

IV. Japanese Occupation Korea 4. Joseon Empire renamed “Korean Empire” 5. China lost & Japan took control of Korea in Japan annexed Korea & Korea became part of the Japanese Empire

IV. Japanese Occupation Korea

7. Japan repressed Korean culture & language 8. Numerous human rights abuses such as forced labor camps, censorship, etc

IV. Japanese Occupation Korea

D. Japanese built: 1. western style banking system 2. telegraph & telephone systems 3. railroads 4. agro-business 5. electricity 6. roads & bridges

IV. Japanese Occupation Korea

V. Korean Resistance A. Koreans vigorously fought against Japanese aggression & annexation: Korean activists secretly set up nationalist schools to preserve the Korean language & culture

V. Korean Resistance

2. Lee Hoe-Young 1910 “Freedom Fighter” raised & led armies against the Japanese

V. Korean Resistance

2. March 1, 1919 Movement a. 2 PM, Seoul, Korean activists (Samil Movement) met & read “The Korean Declaration Independence” b. Choe Nam-Seon was a writer, historian & activist, who wrote the Korean Declaration Independence” c. The Declaration was made public & leaders were arrested.

V. Korean Resistance

d. Key points were: –1. end discrimination against Koreans, –2. end human rights abuses –3. end heavy taxation –4. end land confiscation –5. end suppression of Korean culture –6. End political, economic & social inequality –7. Independence

V. Korean Resistance

e. People gathered in Pagoda Park to hear Chung Jae-Young read The Declaration f. Koreans began marching G. As the crowds grew up to 2,000,000, the Japanese reacted & massacred 8,709 people H. Thousands were arrested, tortured & executed w/o due process

V. Korean Resistance

Reunification