Cell Transport Study Guide Key Chapter 7 Section 3

What two Factors can affect the rate of diffusion? Temperature Pressure

What are the three types of proteins found in the cell membrane? Markers Receptors Transport Channels

Name and define the 3 types of passive transport. Diffusion The movement of particles through a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration Osmosis The movement of water through a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration Facilitated diffusion The movement of particles through a protein channel from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Name and define the 3 types of active transport. Protein channel When molecules move through a protein channel from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration Endocytosis When the cell membrane uses vesicles to bring solids and liquids INTO the cell Exocytosis When the cell membrane uses vesicles to bring wastes OUT of the cell

Fill in the blanks. Passive transport is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Active transport needs ATP (energy) in order to function because molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

Give an example for the following terms: Diffusion – sugar melting in coffee, food coloring dispersing in water Osmosis – plant cells absorbing water into their central vacuoles Active Transport (protein type) – Sodium Potassium Pump Facilitated Diffusion – sugar molecule going through a protein channel from high to low concentration

Name and define the two types of endocytosis. Phagocytosis Particle or solid ingestion through vesicles (similar to eating) Pinocytosis Liquid ingestion through vesicles (similar to drinking)

Fill in the table below Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Definition   Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic Definition  Higher concentration of solute in a solution Equal concentration of solute in solution Lower concentration of solute in solution Example Salt water Saline Distilled water What happens to cell Shrink Remain same size Swell – may burst!

What are the 4 steps of the Na/k pump & what is necessary for this process? Step 1: 3 Na+ ions bind to carrier protein Step 2: ATP binds to carrier protein and changes shape allowing Na+ to move out of the cell Step 3: 2 K+ ions move into carrier protein Step 4: ATP binds to carrier protein and changes shape allowing K+ to move into the cell ATP is necessary for this process to occur.

Why would doctors inject saline solution into your veins instead of just water if you were dehydrated? Doctors inject saline solution into your veins instead of just water because saline solution is isotonic and will not change the size of the cells. If pure water was injected into your veins, your blood cells would be surrounded by a hypotonic solution and would swell and possibly burst.